Characteristics of biomass burning aerosol and its impact on regional air quality in the summer of 2003 at Gwangju, Korea

This study investigates the chemical components of biomass burning (BB) aerosols obtained from Doi Ang Khang (DAK; near BB source) and Chiang Mai University (CMU; an urban location) over northern Southeast Asia in dry season (March to mid-April) 2014. PM 2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm) samples were collected over a 24-h sampling period as a part of the Seven South East Asian Studies ) and CMU (90.7-93.1 µg m -3 ) were not significantly different (p > 0.05) and well correlated (r = 0.8), and likely originated from similar source origins. The number of fire hotspots was particularly high during 20-21 March (greater than 200) and, consequently, peaks of PM 2.5 were recorded at both sites. The most abundant elements at both sampling sites were K (49-50% of total elements), Al (26-31%), Mg (16%) and Zn (4-7%), whereas SO 4 2-(30-38% of total ions), NO 3 -(13-20%), Na + (16-20%) and NH 4 + (14-15%) were the most abundant ions. Concentrations of levoglucosan and K + (BB tracers) were well correlated (r = 0.5 for CMU and 0.7 for DAK) confirming that the PM 2.5 detected in these areas were mainly influenced by BB activity. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that BB, road traffic, agricultural activity and soil re-suspension were plausible sources of PM 2.5 over the study locations. Apart from local sources, the influence of long-range transport was also investigated by way of three-day backward trajectory analysis.

Section: Pm 25 Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Investigation of Biomass Burning Chemical Components over Northern Southeast Asia during 7-SEAS/BASELInE 2014 Campaign

Khamkaew

Chantara

Janta

et al. 2016

“…Calcium and Iron are referred to as major crustal elements (Mason and Moore, 1982). Potassium records three peaks on 18 th , 21 th and 26 th of May, which are more than 3 times higher of the mean value, and it is the most useful tracer for biomass burning (Ryu et al, 2007) as recorded on 18 th and 21 th , which is also recognized as crustal origin (Maria, 2014) as recorded on 26 th .…”

Section: Concentrations Of Pm and Trace Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, Potassium was used as an unambiguous tracer of biomass burning (Begum et al, 2007;Ryu et al, 2007;Belis et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2013). This factor accounts for 62.3% of the total PM 2.5 mass and 22.9% of the total elements.…”

Section: Source Identification and Apportionment By Pmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in PM2.5 in the Urban Atmosphere of Wuhan in Spring

Acciai

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

The concentrations of PM 2.5 and trace elements with hourly resolution were measured during May 2014 in urban residential area of Wuhan, the biggest city in central China. During the period of measurement, the average temperature was approximate 25°C without domestic heating and cooling. The average concentration of PM 2.5 was 95.53 µg m -3 , which was higher than the limit of Ambient Air Quality Standard of China GB3095-2012 (75 µg m -3 , Level 2). A sand storm original from Northwestern China was also recorded. Concentrations of major trace elements (K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Pd, Ag, Cd, Au, Hg, Pb, Co, Sn, Sb, Tl) were comparable to previous studies, except for Ba and Ca with more than doubled concentrations (103 ng m -3 , 1,792.49 ng m -3 ) due to the storm. Enrichment Factor (EF) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) were employed to characterize the emission sources. The computation of EF showed that Zincs was highly enriched. Four sources, biomass burning (63.2%) might mainly related to power plants using biowaste burning and bio-related cooking activities, metallurgical and steel industries (14%), dust crustal (12.5%) and dust associated with vehicular traffic (10.4%), were identified in decreasing order of average percentage contribution to the PM 2.5 mass with the aid of trace elements. The orientations of emission sources were also addressed.

“…Biomass burning smoke contains large amounts of partially oxidized organic material and black carbon or soot, which result in significant climatic implications (Christopher et al, 2000), and represent one of the largest sources of uncertainties in climate change assessment (IPCC, 2007). Agricultural waste field combustion is one important type of anthropogenic biomass burning especially in the developing countries, in which simultaneous combustion over extended areas can usually facilitate agricultural fire (agri-fire), and then related emissions cause serious local or regional air pollution during harvesting seasons (Levine, 1999;Koe et al, 2001;Ryu et al, 2007;Niyobuhungiro et al, 2013). In China, the open field combustion is a common approach for eliminating agricultural waste, and this region is considered as one large source of anthropogenic biomass burning in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Fires and Their Potential Impacts on Regional Air Quality over China

Zha

Shuan-Qin

Cheng

et al. 2013

The potential impacts of agricultural fires (agri-fires) on regional air quality over China were examined using active fire products derived from satellite remote sensing and air mass trajectory modeling from 2009 to 2010. Agri-fires were found in most administrative areas. More than 80% of the agri-fires were in the heartlands of agricultural regions such as Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong and Henan Provinces. Agri-fires had a seasonal pattern, with two distinct peaks in summer and autumn harvest periods, especially in June (61-86%) and October (5-14%). Agri-fire smoke was transported in the atmosphere on a continental scale in three directions, moving northeasterly, northwesterly and southwesterly away from source areas. Particles from agri-fire smoke contributed more than 35% of aerosol optical depth (AOD) over regions of the Jiaodong Peninsular, the North Plain, East China and other areas, and exceeded 60% in some areas of Shandong, Henan and Jiangsu Provinces. In the boundary layer atmosphere, particles from agri-fire smoke contributed more than 29% of PM 10 in parts of Anhui, Jiangsu and Shandong Provinces. Due to agri-fires the amount of PM 10 was highly correlated (R 2 = 0.6) with the smoke air masses in the main potential sink regions, and the mean PM 10 during the summer harvest of 2010 reached 0.24 mg/m 3 , far higher than the adjacent periods without smoke.