Characteristics of BrC and BC emissions from controlled diffusion flame and diesel engine combustion

Malmborg, Vilhelm; Eriksson, Axel; Gren, Louise; Török, Sandra; Shamun, Sam; Novakovic, Maja; Zhang, Yilong; Kook, Sanghoon; Tunér, Martin; Bengtsson, Per-Erik; Pagels, Joakim

doi:10.1080/02786826.2021.1896674

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…BrC is a non-soot organic carbon aerosol that is produced from bioaerosols, tar, and humic-like substances (HULIS) [64,65]. BC is mainly emitted by hightemperature combustion processes (diesel and gasoline exhausts, coal combustion, and biomass burning) [66,67]. BrC is primarily emitted by biomass burning.…”

Section: Carbonaceous Nanoaerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

Phairuang

Piriyakarnsakul²,

Inerb

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Nanoparticles (NPs), nanoaerosols (NAs), ultrafine particles (UFPs), and PMs0.1 (diameters ≤ 0.1 µm or 100 nm) are used interchangeably in the field of atmospheric studies. This review article summarizes recent research on PM0.1 in Thailand. The review involved peer-reviewed papers that appeared in the Scopus and the Web of Science databases and included the most recently published articles in the past 10 years (2013–2022). PM0.1 mainly originate from combustion processes such as in motor vehicles. The highest mass concentration of PMs0.1 occurs during the dry season, in which open fires occur in some regions of Thailand. The northern area of the country has higher PM0.1 mass concentrations, followed by the central and southern areas. Carbonaceous nanoaerosols are produced during normal periods, and the proportions of organic to elemental carbon and char to soot suggest that these originate from motor vehicles. However, in haze periods, biomass fires can also produce carbon-containing particles. PM0.1 pollution from local and cross-border countries also needs to be considered. The overall conclusions reached will likely have a beneficial long-term impact on achieving a blue sky over Thailand through the development of coherent policies and managing new air pollution challenges and sharing knowledge with a broader audience.

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Section: Carbonaceous Nanoaerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

Phairuang

Piriyakarnsakul²,

Inerb

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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“…Previous studies by Malmborg et al and Le et al have also reported the production of a significant number of carbonyl compounds using miniCAST. 26,27 And Georgios Karavalakis indicated that in comparison to pure diesel fuel, the use of biodiesel−diesel blends generally leads to reduced emissions of PAHs, nitro-PAHs, and oxygenated-PAHs. 38 Moreover, quinones have been identified as toxic substances in secondary organic aerosols of naphthalene, attributed to their involvement in redox reactions and catalytic formation of free radicals.…”

Section: Identification Of Characteristic Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Malmborg et al. observed that higher temperatures promoted the growth of conjugated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated by a miniCAST generator . Le and Ess et al employed Raman spectroscopy to examine the organic components produced by miniCAST combustion and identified particles containing significant carbonyl compounds under fuel-rich conditions. , The operational parameters of the miniCAST device influence the physicochemical properties of the resulting particles. − Ess et al concluded that the physicochemical properties of soot particles generated by the miniCAST closely resemble those produced by practical engines .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds and Oxidation States of Soot Organics on the Metabolome of Human-Lung Cells (A549): Implications for Vehicle Fuel Selection

Wang,

Wen,

Yan

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Decades of research have established the toxicity of soot particles resulting from incomplete combustion. However, the unique chemical compounds responsible for adverse health effects have remained uncertain. This study utilized mass spectrometry to analyze the chemical composition of extracted soot organics at three oxidation states, aiming to establish quantitative relationships between potentially toxic chemicals and their impact on human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549) through metabolomics-based evaluations. Targeted analysis using MS/MS indicated that particles with a medium oxidation state contained the highest total abundance of compounds, particularly oxygen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) composed of fused benzene rings and unsaturated carbonyls, which may cause oxidative stress, characterized by the upregulation of three specific metabolites. Further investigation focused on three specific OPAH standards: 1,4-naphthoquinone, 9fluorenone, and anthranone. Pathway analysis indicated that exposure to these compounds affected transcriptional functions, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, cell proliferation, and the oxidative stress response. Biodiesel combustion emissions had higher concentrations of PAHs, OPAHs, and nitrogen-containing PAHs (NPAHs) compared with other fuels. Quinones and 9,10-anthraquinone were identified as the dominant compounds within the OPAH category. This knowledge enhances our understanding of the compounds contributing to adverse health effects observed in epidemiological studies and highlights the role of aerosol composition in toxicity.

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“…BrC is a non-soot organic carbon aerosol that is produced from bioaerosols, tar, and humic-like substances (HULIS) [64,65]. BC is mainly emitted by high-temperature combustion processes (diesel and gasoline exhausts, coal combustion, and biomass burning) [66,67]. BrC is primarily emitted by biomass burning, BC and BrC are the two most crucial light-absorbing substances in atmospheric aerosols [68].…”

Section: Carbonaceous Nano-aerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

Phairuang¹,

Piriyakarnsakul²,

Inerb³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Nanoparticles (NP), Nanoaerosols (NA), ultrafine particles (UFP), and PM0.1 (particles with a diameter ≤ 0.1 µm or 100 nm) are interchangeably used in the field of atmospheric studies. PM0.1 are emitted from both natural and anthropogenic sources. The main emission sources of PM0.1 are combustion processes, including biomass and fossil fuel. Moreover, secondary formation via atmospheric photochemical reactions can also occur depending on meteorological conditions and the suspended pollutant species. Identifying the physical and chemical characteristics and spatial and temporal variations is vital in terms of understanding the effect of NPs on the environment, the global climate, and human health risks. This review article summarizes recent research on PM0.1 in Thailand. The review involves peer-reviewed papers from Scopus and the Web of Science databases, and includes the most recently published articles in the past ten years (2013-2022). UFPs mainly come from the combustion processes such as motor vehicles. The high mass concentration of PM0.1 that occurs during the dry season in which open fires depend on the specific region of Thailand. Particulate pollution from local and cross-border countries also needs to be considered in terms of the concentrations of ambient nanoparticles. The overall conclusions reached will likely have a beneficial long-term impact on achieving a blue sky over Thailand through the development of coherent policies and managing new air pollution challenges and sharing knowledge with a broader audience.

show abstract

Characteristics of BrC and BC emissions from controlled diffusion flame and diesel engine combustion

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

Influence of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds and Oxidation States of Soot Organics on the Metabolome of Human-Lung Cells (A549): Implications for Vehicle Fuel Selection

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

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