Characteristics of Coral Cay Soils at Coringa-Herald Coral Sea Islands, Australia

Batianoff, George N.; Naylor, Gillian C.; Fensham, R. J.; Neldner, Victor J.

doi:10.2984/64.2.335

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Soil texture in the Imperata succession community area on Marsegu Island, a raised coral island, has a high sand percentage of 91-93%, a characteristic of coral islands. Coral island soils generally have problems in plant growth with high soil porosity and low water holding capacity, coupled with a small CEC (Deenik and Yost, 2006;Batianoff et al, 2010). Alhejoj et al (2022) explained that plants on sandy beaches live in dry environments similar to desert conditions.…”

Section: Soil Carbon Content Physical and Chemical Properties Of Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imperata vegetation succession and carbon stocks on degraded land of beach forest in Marsegu Island, Maluku, Indonesia

Irwanto,

Paembonan,

Ngakan

et al. 2024

J. Degrade. Min. Land Manage.

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Many sandy beach forests on small islands were cut down by people for farming to provide for their food needs. Land degraded due to over-exploitation is overgrown by Imperata cylindrica, which often causes fires in the dry season. This study aims to determine the species that occur in the secondary succession of Imperata grassland vegetation to assess soil fertility and differences in carbon stocks in various types of vegetation cover on the beach of Marsegu raised coral island. The measurement and calculation of carbon stocks used the Indonesian National Standard 7724:2011 with slight modifications in certain parts. The non-destructive method for calculating the above-ground and below-ground biomass used an allometric and the destructive method was carried out for understory and litter while the carbon content of the soil was taken compositely from several plots and layers and then analyzed in the laboratory. The results showed that the species that can grow and coexist with Imperata cylindrica is Timonius timon. In the final stage of the loss of Imperata cylindrica, the beach forest area was dominated by Terminalia catappa, Sterculia ceramica, and Cassia fistula. The soil's nutrient content of total N, P2O5 (available P) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) is low, with a very high sand texture percentage of 91-93%, which affects soil fertility. A comparison of total carbon stocks between differences in vegetation cover is the Imperata grassland area of 129.955 t/ha, the rehabilitation area is 82.920 t/ha, and the Terminalia vegetation is area 137.977 t/ha.

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Section: Soil Carbon Content Physical and Chemical Properties Of Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imperata vegetation succession and carbon stocks on degraded land of beach forest in Marsegu Island, Maluku, Indonesia

Irwanto,

Paembonan,

Ngakan

et al. 2024

J. Degrade. Min. Land Manage.

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“…Numbers of scale insects were approximately 50-fold fewer in 1997 and earlier than in 2007 (Smith & Papecek 2001a, Smith & Papecek 2001b, which coincides with the changes in relative abundance of chloropids (Table 1). However, chloropids were also found in relatively high numbers on South West Herald Cay, where Pisonia trees are now completely absent (Batianoff et at. 2010).…”

Section: Increase Of Chloropidac In 2007mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the larvae of many species have also been found in association with wood boring Coleoptera, where they live in galleries excavated by the beedes and feed on dead beede larvae (Ferrar 1987). Because Pisonia grandis is one of the only two fruit-bearing woody trees on North East Herald Cay (Batianoff et al 2010), it is possible that the lonchaeids were dependent on either Pisonia fruit or on an association with wood-boring Coleoptera found in rotting timber. After the dieback in 2001, recruitment of Pisonia trees by seedlings was low (Burger 2005) and tree densities had not returned to 1997 levels by 2007.…”

Section: Appearance Of Phoridae In 2007mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in dominance of dipteran families on Coral Sea cays over ten years during a period of substantial vegetation change

Rich¹,

Greenslade²,

Bickel³

2014

Northern Territory Naturalist

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The habitat on the Coringa-Herald group of corid cays within the northern Coral Sea underwent profound change after about 2000 because of extensive dieback of the dominant forest trees. This work summarises surveys on these cays in 1995, 1996, 1997 and 2007, in order to understand the effect on the native insect fauna of the introduced biological control agent, the non-specific predatory ladybird beetle Cryptolaemus montrou^eri (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), that was liberated to control scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae) whose infestation was responsible for the dieback of the forest trees. This paper documents the families of Diptera (flies) collected on the surveys and it records changes in presence and abundance of Chloropidae, Phoridae, Sarcophagidae, Canacidae, Lonchaeidae and Chironomidae sampled in pitfall traps and yellow pans. Despite some differences in collecting methods and seasons between surveys, there is evidence of substantial changes in the presence and relative abundance of these families. 'Hie decline of several families on Coringa Cay and on North East Herald Cay between 1995/96 and 2007 could be the result of a trophic cascade of species loss following tree dieback. One of the most conspicuous changes was that Chloropidae increased on North East Herald Cay between 1997 and 2007 following increases in populations of scale insects, but chloropids are not thought to have had a direct role in the control of scale insects. Rich, Deborah, Greenslade, Penelope, and Bickel, Daniel J. 2014. "Changes in dominance of dipteran families on Coral Sea cays over ten years during a period of substantial vegetation change." Northern Territory Naturalist 25, 64-76.

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Soil Building and Capillary Barrier–Enhanced Water Availability Help Explain Pisonia grandis and Other Atoll Native's Tolerance for Variable Precipitation Regimes

Engels,

Heinse,

Young

2024

Ecohydrology

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Pisonia grandis, now threatened, is an important source of soil organic matter on atoll islands and historically composed the dominant canopy of many atoll ecosystems across the Pacific. How the tree manages water to exist across wide precipitation gradients is poorly understood. This study tests the hypotheses that P. grandis is using organic‐rich soils that develop under their canopy and soil layering where organic soils contact carbonate sands as part of their water management strategy. We analysed the chemical and physical properties of soils from two atolls in the central Pacific Ocean, one wet (Palmyra, USA) and one dry (Nikumaroro, Kiribati). Additionally, we used HYDRUS‐1D to simulate vadose zone water dynamics under a range of organic cap thicknesses (0, 14, 30 and 50 cm), precipitation intensities (1, 5 and 10 cm/h) and average precipitation amounts (50, 100, 200 and 400 cm/yr). Laboratory results indicate organic soils are strongly, though not exclusively, associated with P. grandis. Water holding capacity increases with soil organic carbon up to about 10% but not beyond that amount. Modelling results indicate significant water retained in organic soils where they overlie coarse carbonate sediments suggesting a capillary barrier development as the plant‐mediated organic soil accumulates. Retained soil water extends modelled dry‐down times of root‐accessible soil by more than 3 weeks. This indicates that capillary barrier‐enhanced water availability can help explain how P. grandis and other soil‐building atoll species can exist across variable precipitation regimes. To our knowledge, this work is the first description of plant‐mediated capillary barrier development as a water management strategy.

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Characteristics of Coral Cay Soils at Coringa-Herald Coral Sea Islands, Australia

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Imperata vegetation succession and carbon stocks on degraded land of beach forest in Marsegu Island, Maluku, Indonesia

Imperata vegetation succession and carbon stocks on degraded land of beach forest in Marsegu Island, Maluku, Indonesia

Changes in dominance of dipteran families on Coral Sea cays over ten years during a period of substantial vegetation change

Soil Building and Capillary Barrier–Enhanced Water Availability Help Explain Pisonia grandis and Other Atoll Native's Tolerance for Variable Precipitation Regimes

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