Characteristics of Dew Formation and Distribution, and Its Contribution to the Surface Water Budget in a Semi-arid Region in China

Qiang, Zhang; Wang, Sheng; Yang, Fulin; Yue, Ping; Tong, Yao; Wang, Wenyu

doi:10.1007/s10546-014-9971-x

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…According to Monteith (1957), dew would not condense once wind speed (at 2-m height) will be below 0.5 m s −1 , that is, below the necessary threshold which guarantees efficient heat exchange with air and a constant supply of vapour. Although some reported lower thresholds for the high wind speed (1.9 m s −1 see Zhang et al, 2015, or 2.4 m s −1 see Long, 1958), most researchers found a similar threshold of 5 m s −1 . Subsequent measurements generally agree with these thresholds.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Subsequently, whereas Kidron et al (2002a) concluded that dew may only serve as a marginal water source for biocrusts, other researchers maintained that NRW may play an important role in the water balance of biocrusts. Based on ML measurements, dew was reported to take place already at RH values as low as 80-86% (Uclés et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015). Figure 3 presents the different factors that affect NRW.…”

Section: Distribution Amount and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being also season-dependent, sea breeze is augmented by high temperature difference between the sea and land. Most researchers report indeed on the higher amounts of dew that characterize the fall (and end of summer) season (Baier, 1966;Evenari et al, 1971;Goodman, 1985;Monteith, 1957;Rosenberg, 1974;Scherm & van Bruggen, 1993;Sharma, 1976;Tuller & Chilton, 1973;Zangvil, 1996;Zhang et al, 2015). Slow surface warming as a consequence of high heat capacity results on the other hand in high air pressure above the sea, leading to pressure gradient force, and subsequently to wind inflow (sea breeze) from sea to land (Miller, Keim, Talbot, & Mao, 2003).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas RH of 100% is required for the formation of fog, lower RH of the air mass may suffice for dew formation. Based on ML measurements, dew was reported to take place already at RH values as low as 80-86% (Uclés et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015). When relying on visible condensation, the minimum RH values reported for dew condensation were 90-91% (Monteith, 1957;Wang et al, 2014;Ye et al, 2007).…”

Section: Distribution Amount and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements and ecological implications of non‐rainfall water in desert ecosystems—A review

Kidron

Starinsky

2019

Ecohydrology

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The current review focuses on the contribution of non-rainfall water (NRW) to arid and semiarid regions (with a focus on the Negev), where NRW may provide a constant source of water that may facilitate the survival of different organisms, especially microorganisms. Factors that determine the amounts of NRW and the contribution of NRW to plants and organisms are discussed. Nevertheless, although important, significant variation exists regarding the amounts of NRW, which may stem from improper use or inherent drawbacks of some of the measurement devices. This may lead to erroneous conclusions regarding the possible role played by NRW. For instance, with prokaryotes (bacteria and cyanobacteria) requiring liquid water (≥0.1 mm) for growth, small inaccuracies in NRW around this threshold may either lead to the conclusion that NRW is sufficiently high to facilitate their growth, or rather, is too low to facilitate their growth. Arguing that some of the devices used to measure NRW may greatly overestimate the amounts, the possible contribution of NRW to soil bacteria and cyanobacterial biocrusts is analysed. We suggest that although NRW may assist the growth and survival of mosses and some types of lichens (mostly non-crustose), no conclusive findings were thus far reported regarding the use of dew for cyanobacteria growth. The use of dew by cyanobacterial crust for growth should be critically examined, and the possibility that NRW may even result in a negative carbon balance for cyanobacterial crusts should be considered.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Distribution Amount and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Amount and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements and ecological implications of non‐rainfall water in desert ecosystems—A review

Kidron

Starinsky

2019

Ecohydrology

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“…During the growing season, the Le was higher than the He within a certain morning time interval from April to August (Figure 2) because evaporation of condensation resulted in high Le [47][48][49], whereas the He increased significantly relative to the Le at noon due to strong turbulence. The Le showed a small transient decrease before the daytime maximum Le was reached, which may be attributable to the presence of local mountain-valley winds ( Figure 6 and Table 2).…”

Section: Land-atmosphere Heat Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Land–Atmosphere Exchange of Water and Heat in the Arid Mountainous Grasslands of Central Asia during the Growing Season

Huang

Luo

Wang

2017

Water

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Arid grassland ecosystems are widely distributed across Central Asia. However, there is a lack of research and observations of the land-atmosphere exchange of water and heat in the arid grasslands in this region, particularly over complex surfaces. In this study, systematic observations were conducted from 2013 to 2015 using an HL20 Bowen ratio and TDR300 and WatchDog1400 systems to determine the characteristics of these processes during the growing season (April-October) of the arid mountainous grasslands of this region. (1) The latent heat flux (Le) was lower than the sensible heat flux (He) overall, and a small transient decrease in Le was observed before its daytime maximum; daily comparative variations in both fluxes were closely related to vegetation growth. (2) Evapotranspiration (ET) showed substantial variation across different years, seasons and months, and monthly variations in ET were closely related to vegetation growth. Water condensation (Q) was low and relatively stable. Relatively high levels of soil water were measured in spring followed by a decreasing trend. The land-atmosphere exchange of water and heat during the growing season in this region was closely associated with phenology, available precipitation and terrain. This study provides data support for the scientific management of arid mountainous grasslands.

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Biomimetic and Biophilic Design of Multifunctional Symbiotic Lichen–Schwarz Metamaterial

Saatchi

2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Noise and environmental problems are significant issues that affect human beings through the triggering of various stressors, including biological, chemical, physical, and psychological stressors. To address these issues, it is essential to develop environmentally friendly strategies, particularly in the field of materials manufacturing. This study presents a novel biomimetic and biophilic design of a lichen-Schwarz metamaterial (SLSM) that achieves multifunctional properties in noise attenuation and humidity control. The SLSM achieves acoustic and air humidifying multi-functions symbiotically through the use of triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) and naturally occurring organic lichen. To attain partial or complete sound-blocking capabilities at specific frequencies, a Schwarz meta-symbiont in SLSM requires a parametric design of unit cell characteristics prior to 3D printing. The SLSM structure mimics a biomimetic shell and meta-symbiotic exoskeleton that safeguards the inner symbiont lichen by transitioning it from a dry and brittle state to a hydrated and flexible state during humidity control. The symbiotic lichen in SLSM offers superior sound attenuation across a broader frequency range and adds a unique function of humidity control, which is essential for sustainable architecture and multifunctional furniture in the forthcoming era of buildings.

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Characteristics of Dew Formation and Distribution, and Its Contribution to the Surface Water Budget in a Semi-arid Region in China

Cited by 57 publications

References 37 publications

Measurements and ecological implications of non‐rainfall water in desert ecosystems—A review

Measurements and ecological implications of non‐rainfall water in desert ecosystems—A review

Land–Atmosphere Exchange of Water and Heat in the Arid Mountainous Grasslands of Central Asia during the Growing Season

Biomimetic and Biophilic Design of Multifunctional Symbiotic Lichen–Schwarz Metamaterial

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