Characteristics of Drusen and Bruch's Membrane in Postmortem Eyes With Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Spraul, Christoph W.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1997.01100150269022

Cited by 146 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Basal deposits are the strongest histopathological marker of aging and age-related disease (Sarks, 1976;Green and Enger, 1993;Spraul et al, 1996;Spraul and Grossniklaus, 1997;Curcio and Millican, 1999). The location and composition of these deposits distinguish aging from AMD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The location and composition of these deposits distinguish aging from AMD. Basal laminar deposits (BlamD), which form between the RPE cell and basement membrane, are a normal aging change early, but become specific for AMD when they become thick and contain cellular debris, 'long spaced collagen', membranous structures, lipid, and inflammatory proteins (Sarks, 1976;Newsome et al, 1987;Green and Enger, 1993;van der Schaft et al, 1994;Spraul et al, 1996;Spraul and Grossniklaus, 1997;Curcio and Millican, 1999;Anderson and Ozaki, 2001;Johnson et al, 2002;Leu et al, 2002). The most sensitive and specific histopathologic marker of AMD is basal linear deposits (BlinD), which form in the inner collagenous layer of Bruch's membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition and location of these deposits distinguishes chronological aging from age-related disease. Basal laminar deposits, which develop between the RPE cell and basement membrane, are specific for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) when they are thick and contain heterogeneous debris such as long spaced collagen (Sarks, 1976;Newsome et al, 1987;Green and Enger, 1993;van der Schaft et al, 1994;Spraul et al, 1996;Spraul and Grossniklaus, 1997;Curcio and Millican, 1999;Anderson et al, 2001;Johnson et al, 2002;Leu et al, 2002). Basal linear deposits occur within the inner collagenous layer, and are the most specific basal deposit for AMD (Sarks, 1976;Newsome et al, 1987;Green and Enger, 1993;van der Schaft et al, 1994;Spraul et al, 1996;Spraul and Grossniklaus, 1997;Curcio and Millican, 1999;Anderson et al, 2001;Johnson et al, 2002;Leu et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The expression of advanced glycation endproduct receptors in rpe cells associated with basal deposits in human maculas

Yamada

Ishibashi

et al. 2006

Experimental Eye Research

100

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Basal deposits within Bruch's membrane are associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) although the factors causing their formation are incompletely understood. Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) accumulate in Bruch's membrane including basal deposits and drusen with aging. One mechanism by which AGEs alter a cell's phenotype is via AGE receptors. The purpose of this study was to immunolocalize and quantify the expression of AGE receptors by RPE cells associated with basal deposits or normal Bruch's membrane that were microdissected from human maculas. Postmortem eyes from 14 aged control donors and five donors with non-neovascular AMD were cryopreserved. RPE cells associated with normal Bruch's membrane or basal deposits were laser capture microdissected. The RNA was extracted and used for RT-qPCR to quantify the expression of RAGE, AGE R1, AGE R2, and AGE R3. Streptavidin alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemistry for these receptors was also performed and sections were bleached from 14 normal and nine AMD donors. RT-qPCR showed significant upregulation of RAGE, AGE R1, and AGE R3 in RPE cells overlying basal deposits compared to cells attached to morphologically normal Bruch's membrane. Immunohistochemical analysis for RAGE, AGER1, R2, and R3 showed diffuse, light staining of RPE cells and strong choriocapillaris staining in areas of normal Bruch's membrane. In areas of basal deposits, the RPE had more intense staining for RAGE and AGER1 compared to regions of normal Bruch's membrane. These results suggest that AGE receptors could influence the formation of basal deposits during aging and AMD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The expression of advanced glycation endproduct receptors in rpe cells associated with basal deposits in human maculas

Yamada

Ishibashi

et al. 2006

Experimental Eye Research

100

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“…Table 1 depicts the demographic features of the 36 eyes of 27 patients. The mean age at presentation was 12.7±3.0 years (range, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Seventeen of the 27 (63%) patients were male.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Moreover, a blind child faces considerable challenges in education and emotional development. 5 There are some obvious differences in CNV between children and adults: first, rarity of macular degeneration and myopic fundus changes 6 (the two most common causes of adult-onset CNV) at young age; second, lack of calcification and thickening of Bruch's membrane (which is otherwise frequently observed among adults); 7 and third, presence of solitary subretinal in-growth sites unlike adult cases in which multiple in-growth sites are common. 8 All these factors may make the natural course, prognosis, and treatment outcomes more favorable among young subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal neovascularization in 36 eyes of children and adolescents

Rishi

Gupta

Rishi

et al. 2013

Eye

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Purpose To describe the clinical features and outcomes among eyes with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 36 eyes of 27 patients o18 years of age diagnosed with CNV between January 1978 and December 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. CNV was clinically diagnosed in all patients and its presence was confirmed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). A total of 19 eyes underwent treatment. Anatomical outcome was evaluated as regressed/ persistent/recurrent CNV. Snellen's values for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were converted to logMAR for statistical calculations. Results Of the 27 patients, 17 (63%) were male. Nine (33.3%) of the 27 patients had bilateral CNV. At presentation, CNV was active in 22 (61.1%) eyes and regressed in 14 (28.9%) eyes. All active CNV cases were 'classic' type, with the majority (80.5%) being subfoveal. The mean greatest linear dimension (GLD) was 3.16 ± 1.94 mm (range, 0.9-10.15). The most common cause (41.7%) was post-inflammatory. The mean duration to regression in treated eyes was 103.53 days (15 eyes). Recurrence was noted in three (8.3%) eyes. The mean duration to first recurrence was 260 days (range, 90-390), and the mean follow-up duration was 779.53 ± 988.00 days. Conclusion CNV remains a cause of significant visual decline in children and adolescents. Male predominance, postinflammatory etiology, bilateral affection, and subfoveal location are noteworthy, with a high regression rate in response to treatment. Re-treatment is required in a limited number of cases.

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Reattachment Rate of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium to Layers of Human Bruch's Membrane

Priore

Tezel²

1998

Arch Ophthalmol

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To determine the reattachment rate of human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to different layers of human Bruch's membrane (BM). Methods: Explants of BM were prepared from 10 human cadaver eyes by removing native RPE. The RPE basal lamina, inner collagenous layer, elastin layer, and outer collagenous layer were exposed by sequentially removing each apical layer by mechanical or enzymatic means. First-passage human RPE was plated onto the surface and the RPE reattachment rate to each layer of BM was determined. Results: Retinal pigment epithelial cell reattachment was highest to the inner aspects of BM and decreased as deeper layers of BM were exposed (ie, reattachment rate to basal lamina was higher than to the inner collagenous layer, which was higher than to the elastin layer, which was higher than to the outer collagenous layer). The reattachment rate to the inner collagenous layer, elastin layer, and outer collagenous layer harvested from elderly donors (age Ͼ60 years) was less than the reattachment rate to corresponding layers harvested from younger (age Ͻ50 years) donors. Conclusions: Retinal pigment epithelial cell reattachment depends on the anatomical layer of BM present in the host tissue. Age-related changes in BM may interfere with RPE reattachment. Our observations may have implications for understanding the pathogenesis of agerelated macular degeneration and its potential treatment with RPE transplantation techniques.

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Characteristics of Drusen and Bruch's Membrane in Postmortem Eyes With Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Cited by 146 publications

References 33 publications

The expression of advanced glycation endproduct receptors in rpe cells associated with basal deposits in human maculas

The expression of advanced glycation endproduct receptors in rpe cells associated with basal deposits in human maculas

Choroidal neovascularization in 36 eyes of children and adolescents

Reattachment Rate of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium to Layers of Human Bruch's Membrane

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