Characteristics of electrochemically synthesized polymer electrodes in lithium cells—III. Polypyrrole

Effect of Cathode thickness on the performance of the cell Li/ PAN:EC:PC:LiCF₃SO₃/PPy:DBS

“…Our results on one hand are better than the value of 24% reported for Li / PPy / ClO 4 cell even with a liquid electrolyte [9]. This may be due to dual functionality of PAN electrolyte.…”

Conducting Polymer Paper‐Based Cathodes for High‐Areal‐Capacity Lithium–Organic Batteries

“…Figure 3d isplays the self-discharge characteristics of aC CFPPY@nanocellulose-based LIB cell under open-circuit conditions after charging to 3.5 V. Thec ell underwent relatively fast self-discharging during the first two hours at open circuit, and the cell voltage subsequently remained remarkably constant during the followingd ays.T he cell thus exhibited 94 % of the initial voltage after 3hwith as table voltage of 3.15 V (i.e., 90 %o ft he initial voltage) found after two days.T hese results are hence significantlyb etter that the previouslyr eported values demonstrating less than 90 %p otential retention in less than 2days for PPy-based LIBs. [8,9,26] More importantly,t he present resultsc learlys how that the self-dis- .I ti si mmediately evident that the cell with the highestP Py mass loading exhibited the lowest specific capacity, and no significant difference in the performance was observed for the cells with PPy mass loadings of 4.4 and 8.5 mg cm À2 ,r espectively.I nF igure 4b it is further observed that the discharge capacity decreased with increasing current density and that the electrodew ith the lowest PPy mass loading exhibited the best rate capability. Thel atter can be explained by the smaller IR drop for this electrodea saresult of the lower current employed in this experiment, which clearly demonstrates the problem associated with comparisonso fd ata obtainedw ith the same current density for electrodes with significantlyd ifferent mass loadings.I ft he increased IR drop is not compensated for, the capacity must naturally decreasea st he mass loadingo ft he electrodei si ncreased.…”

Chemical reduction method for industrial application of undoped polypyrrole electrodes in lithium-ion batteries

“…Different battery prototypes using Ppy as cathode have been described [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] in the literature. Using a thin lithium electrode as anode, an experimental specific energy of 20-30 Wh kg −1 was obtained, being 240 Wh kg −1 [33] (versus lithium) its theoretical value.…”

“…Besides, as it can be repeatedly cycled between different oxidation states, this kind of polymers can be used as a reversible electrode for rechargeable batteries. Therefore, many polymers have been investigated and developed due to their potential industrial applicability in electrodes for rechargeable batteries [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] (as lithium [15][16][17][18][19][20] or lithium-ion batteries [21][22][23][24]). The advantages of using a polymer electrode as cathode are potentially higher specific capacities and lighter and more flexible cells, resulting from the light weight of the polymers.…”