Characteristics of Erwinia Herbicola

Komagata, Kazuo; Tamagawa, Yoshio; H, Ito

doi:10.2323/jgam.14.19

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…bb[Pseudomonas] trifolii" LMG 2598 groups with a Tm(e) of 77°C versus Escherichia coli in the rRNA branch of the Enterobacteriaceae (Table 10). Thus, our results do not contradict the proposed and generally accepted inclusion of " [Pseudomonas] trifolii" in Erwinia herbicolu (33). Recently, Verdonck et al (56) showed that this strain belongs phenotypically in Erwinia herbicola phenon 9.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 43%

Genotypic Relationships and Taxonomic Localization of Unclassified Pseudomonas and Pseudomonas-Like Strains by Deoxyribonucleic Acid:Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Hybridizations

Vos

Landschoot

Segers

et al. 1989

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

135

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The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) hybridization technique was used to reveal the relationships and taxonomic positions of an additional 83 strains belonging to 43 saprophytic or pathogenic Pseudomonus species and 29 named and unnamed Pseudomonus-like strains. The DNA:rRNA hybrids were characterized by the following two parameters: (i) the temperature at which one-half of the hybrid was eluted and (ii) the percentage of rRNA binding (the amount of rRNA bound per 100 pg of filter-fixed DNA). We also used, for a limited number of strains, numerical analysis of carbon assimilation tests to delineate the finer taxonomic relationships of organisms. Of the 83 strains examined, 78 could be definitely assigned either to an rRNA branch or to an rRNA superfamily within the Proteobucteriu. Only 25 of our strains belong in the genus Pseudomonus sensu strict0 (our PseudomonusJluorescens rRNA branch). In general, about two-thirds of the named Pseudomonas species have been misclassified and are distributed over at least seven genera all through the Proteobacteriu. These organisms need to be reclassified and generically renamed according to their phylogenetic rglationships. However, more detailed phenotypic and genotypic studies are necessary before definite nomenclatural proposals can be made. A comprehensive list of the phylogenetic affiliations of the Pseudomonus species is included.From the original creation of Pseudomonas Migula 1894 until now, this genus has been a dumping ground for incompletely described, aerobic, polarly flagellated, gram-negat h e , rodlike bacteria. In the past and even today organisms isolated from a heterogeneous variety of ecological niches were and still are classified without sufficient grounds as new Pseudomonas species. One of the reasons for this situation is the incomplete generic definition.In the United States, the Berkeley group has reported in several papers (42,43,48) on the taxonomy of the genus Pseudomonas. The several hundred strains included in the important study of these workers involved only a relatively small number of species. Their new generic definition and subdivision of Pseudomonas was reflected in Bergey 's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th ed. (20). In an important reduction in the number of Pseudomonas species, more than 90% of the clinical, phytopathological, and saprophytic pseudomonads were relegated to four addenda to the genus Pseudomonas and were thus only marginally retained in this genus (20). Most of these organisms have no clear taxonomic status because their names were not retained on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (38, 46) nor were they on Validation Lists 17 to 23 (24-30). In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology , Palleroni (41) listed 62 of these species in Section V of the genus Pseudomonas, although their natural relationships with other taxa are still largely unknown.We have shown in the past (11-15, 21, 45, 51, 54, 55) that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) hybridization...

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 43%

Genotypic Relationships and Taxonomic Localization of Unclassified Pseudomonas and Pseudomonas-Like Strains by Deoxyribonucleic Acid:Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Hybridizations

Vos

Landschoot

Segers

et al. 1989

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

135

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“…The characteristics of the strains examined in the present study compare favorably with the descriptions of previous human isolates (Table 3) as well as nonphytopathogenic erwinias isolated from various plant (3,11,12) and nonplant hosts (17,23). The proper identification of Erwinia in the diagnostic laboratory would appear to depend on the scrutiny of all yellow chromogenic, fermentative bacilli which generally are anaerogenic.…”

Section: Downloaded Fromsupporting

confidence: 78%

Unusual Fermentative, Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Clinical Specimens

Gilardi¹,

Bottone²,

Birnbaum³

1970

Applied Microbiology

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Five strains of gram-negative, yellow chromogenic bacilli were recovered from clinical specimens which fit the characteristics of the "lathyri-herbicola group" within the genus Erwinia. The strains were facultatively anaerobic, fermentative, anaerogenic bacilli with peritrichous flagella which grew at 37 C, reduced nitrate to nitrite, and failed to produce oxidase, pectinase, arginine dihydrolase, and decarboxylases for lysine and ornithine. Aggregations of bacteria (symplasmata) were observed in the syneresis water of slant cultures, and analogous granular aggregates and biconvex, spindle-shaped bodies developed in colonies on plate cultures. Awareness of these characteristics should result in more frequent identification of Erwinia species from human sources. Graham and Hodgkiss (11) have shown that various gram-negative, yellow chromogenic, anaerogenic, fermentative bacilli with peritrichous flagella belong to the genus Erwinia. These bacteria include a variety of species formerly described under different names, such as the nonphytopathogenic Erwinia lathyri and Bacterium herbicola common on plants and in soil, and B. typhi flavum and "Erwinia-like microorganisms" isolated from animals and humans. As a result of the studies by Graham and Hodgkiss and similar comparative studies by Billing and Baker (3), the names "lathyri-herbicola group" of Erwinia and "Erwinia herbicola" have been pro

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“…Previous studies comparing the nucleoside phosphotransferase activity of many gramnegative bacteria have shown that S. marcescens (4, 6, 9-11, 14), many Flavobacterium strains (7, 15), Erwinia herbicola and some E. carotovora strains (10,11), and most strains of Enterobacter liquefaciens (4) were distinctive in their ability to synthesize only 5'-nucleotide rather than 3'(&2')-nucleotide. Aeromonas (14), Escherichia coli (6, 7, 9, 10), Citrobacter (9), Enterobacter (6, 9-11), Proteus (6, 9, 14), and Salmonella (9, 14) synthesized primarily 3'(&2')-nucleotide and small amounts of 5'-nucleotide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleic Acid Enzyme Studies of Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacteria Using Thin-Layer Chromatography1

Klein¹,

Blazevic²

1972

Applied Microbiology

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A rapid and easy to perform procedure for determining the nucleic acid enzyme reactions of intact bacterial cells was developed. Overnight organism growth on triple sugar agar was tested for nucleoside phosphotransferase, nucleosidase, and nucleotidase activity. Reaction products were detected by means of thin-layer chromatography and fluorescence. Characteristic patterns were seen with certain strains of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria, which indicated that these tests could aid in classification and identification of EQ-1 group, Pseudomonas multivorans, P. cepacia, P. maltophilia, certain other Pseudomonas species, and Herellea vaginicola. The taxonomic classification of many genera and species in the group of gram-negative, nonfermentative bacteria including Pseudomonas, Mima, Herellea, and Alcaligenes is still somewhat chaotic, and many of these strains isolated from human sources are difficult to identify (3, 17, 18). It was the purpose of this study to investigate and compare the nucleic acid enzyme reactions of intact cells of bacteria in this group by use of fluorescent thin-layer chromatography methods, and to analyze the potential usefulness of such methods as aids in the identification of these bacteria in the clinical laboratory. MATERIALS AND METHODS Strains. The 33 reference strains studied are listed in Table 1. An additional 72 nonfermentative strains isolated from clinical specimens were studied. These clinical isolates, identified according to methods described by King (8), were as follows: EQ-1 group, 9; P. maltophilia, 17; P. aeruginosa, 14; brown-pigmented Pseudomonas (probable P. aeruginosa), 5; P. fluorescens, 2; P. putida, 13; P. stutzeri, 2; H. vaginicola, 9; and group lb, 1. Nucleic acid enzyme tests. Guanosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-GMP) and a mixed isomer combination of 3'-and 2'-guanylic acid [3'(&2')-GMP], both obtained from P-L Biochemicals Inc., were dissolved in deionized water. Guanine and uric acid (Nutritional Biochemicals Corp.) and guanosine (P-L Biochemi-' Taken from the work submitted by the senior author to the University of Minnesota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the M.S. degree.

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Characteristics of Erwinia Herbicola

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Genotypic Relationships and Taxonomic Localization of Unclassified Pseudomonas and Pseudomonas-Like Strains by Deoxyribonucleic Acid:Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Hybridizations

Genotypic Relationships and Taxonomic Localization of Unclassified Pseudomonas and Pseudomonas-Like Strains by Deoxyribonucleic Acid:Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Hybridizations

Unusual Fermentative, Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Clinical Specimens

Nucleic Acid Enzyme Studies of Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacteria Using Thin-Layer Chromatography1

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