Characteristics of Exhaust Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Retrofitted to Operate in Methane/Diesel Dual-Fuel Mode

Cozzolini, Alessandro; Littera, Daniele; Ryskamp, Ross; Smallwood, John S.; Besch, Marc; Velardi, Mario; Kappanna, Hemanth; Carder, Daniel K.; Gautam, Mridul

doi:10.4271/2013-24-0181

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The addition of methane at different loads and speeds also differently affects engine emissions (Iorio et al, 2017). Cozzolini et al (2013) analyzed the emissions from M-DDF engines at different speeds and loads in European stationary cycle (ESC) modes. They observed that at low speed and load (torque), the M-DDF engine showed lower NO x emissions and particulate matter concentrations and higher CO and non-methane HC emissions compared to those of conventional diesel fuel operation.…”

Section: Gaseous Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of methane-diesel dual-fuel engines: A review

Tripathi

Dhar

2022

Front. Therm. Eng.

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Methane is a popular alternative fuel for internal combustion engines due to its availability in many forms such as methane hydrates, natural gas, biogas, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, synthetic natural gas, and pipe natural gas. Methane can be effectively used in existing diesel engines in dual-fuel mode with few modifications. Dual-fuel technology helps bridge existing conventional fuel and alternative gaseous fuel-powered conventional engines. The properties of methane, including its higher calorific value, abundant diffusion, and wider flammability limit make it a suitable fuel for improving the performance of compression ignition engine in dual-fuel mode. Methane-diesel dual-fuel engines are an effective technology for reducing vehicle pollution and partially replacing conventional fuels for transport applications. Therefore, a comprehensive review is needed to document the various pathways for the utilization of methane in dual-fuel engines. This study critically compared the combustion, noise, performance, and emission characteristics of various methane-fueled engines to identify the current challenges and future perspectives for the synergistic use of methane to reduce emissions from internal combustion engines.

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Section: Gaseous Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of methane-diesel dual-fuel engines: A review

Tripathi

Dhar

2022

Front. Therm. Eng.

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“…Compression ignition dual fuel combustion has been recognized as an attractive combustion mode for its potential of burning gaseous fuels at high thermal efficiency comparable to diesel engines and the reduced emissions of PM and NOx [9][10][11]. However, the operation of NG-diesel dual fuel engine has been criticized for its excessive emissions of unburned CH4, and CO, the incomplete combustion product of unburned CH4, and also possible diesel fuel.…”

Section: Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

“…emissions from dual fuel engines. Extensive experimental research has been conducted to examine the factors affecting the ignition delay, combustion process, and the emissions of CH4, CO, NOx and NO2 from dual fuel engines [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Ng-diesel Dual Fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model

Yu¹

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Natural gas (NG)-diesel dual fuel engines have been highlighted for their fuel flexibility and high thermal efficiency comparable to diesel engines. However, the addition of NG to compression ignition diesel engines was reported to elongate ignition delay and to increase the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), unburned methane (CH4), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Past research on dual fuel engines has focused on the experimental research on the engine performance, combustion process, and exhaust emissions. The research on detailed mechanism dominating the impact of CH4 on formation of CO and NO2 in cylinder, and the mechanism for CH4 to survive the combustion process and slip through the cylinder is limited. The examinations of these mechanisms require the simulation of dual fuel engine combustion using a CFD model coupled with chemical kinetic mechanism. This research numerically investigates the combustion process and exhaust emissions from two NG-diesel dual fuel engines using a CFD model coupled with a reduced primary reference fuel (PRF) chemistry. The CFD model used is Converge-SAGE model with a maximum of 300000 grid points. The fuel chemistry used is a reduced PRF mechanism with 45 species and 142 reactions including a reduced NOx mechanism with 4 species and 12 reactions. The CFD model with reduced PRF chemistry has been validated against experimental data measured in a single-cylinder compression-ignition engine over a wide range of CH4 substitution ratio. A post-processing tool has been developed to calculate, analyze, and visualize the instantaneous rate of production (ROP) of key species in each cell with the known temperature, pressure, and species concentration exported by CFD code. The simulation results are further post-processed to numerically investigate the combustion process and the formation mechanism of CO, and NO2 in a dual fuel engine. The mechanism for CH4 to survive the main combustion process and post-combustion oxidation process is numerically examined. The research on NO2 formation identified NO+HO2→NO2+OH as the key reaction dominating the increased formation of NO2 in dual fuel engines. The HO2 necessary for the formation of NO2 emitted by the engine is produced through the post-oxidation of CH4 that survived the main combustion process. The CO emitted from the NG-diesel dual fuel engine is formed through the oxidation of CH4 during the late

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Effects of different combustion modes on the thermal efficiency and emissions of a diesel pilot-ignited natural gas engine under low-medium loads

Jin

et al. 2022

J. Cent. South Univ.

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Characteristics of Exhaust Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Retrofitted to Operate in Methane/Diesel Dual-Fuel Mode

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of methane-diesel dual-fuel engines: A review

Performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of methane-diesel dual-fuel engines: A review

A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model

Effects of different combustion modes on the thermal efficiency and emissions of a diesel pilot-ignited natural gas engine under low-medium loads

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