Characteristics of fresh rice straw silage quality prepared with addition of lactic acid bacteria and crude cellulase

Sarwono, Ki Ageng; Rohmatussolihat, Rohmatussolihat; Watman, Muh; Ratnakomala, Shanti; Astuti, Wulansih Dwi; Fidriyanto, Rusli; Ridwan, Roni; Widyastuti, Yantyati

doi:10.3934/agrfood.2022030

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The previous research indicated a 14%–16% yield for chitosan extract derived from silkworm pupae [ 16 , 29 ]. Although silkworm chitosan yields less than crustacean-derived chitosan (18.33% and 17.20% for shrimp and crab, respectively) [ 32 , 33 ], it is still a valuable source. The low chitosan content in silkworm pupae is due to their high lipid and protein levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low chitosan content in silkworm pupae is due to their high lipid and protein levels. The low chitosan yield in insects, including this one, can be attributed to their high lipid and protein content [ 32 – 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volatile components were identified and measured using Supelco's Volatile Free Acid Mix standard (CRM46975, US). This study used the analytical method described by Sarwono et al [32].…”

Section: Scfa Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of silkworms (Bombyx mori) chitosan on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis, and microbial population in vitro

Sagala,

Andadari,

Handayani

et al. 2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Ruminant enteric methane (CH4) is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. To minimize environmental harm caused by ruminants’ CH4 production, natural substances can be used to suppress it. Chitosan from crustacean sources had been known to obstruct CH4 generation in the rumen. About 18% of silkworm pupae is chitin, but little is known about the impact of silkworm pupae chitosan on rumen methanogenesis. This study investigated the efficacy of the silkworm chitosan extraction method and its impact on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis, and microbial growth in vitro. Materials and Methods: This study employed a randomized complete block design featuring five treatments and four batches for rumen incubation as the blocking factor. In this study, five treatments were implemented: Control (CO) (basal diet with no added chitosan), basal diet with 6% chitosan from the Chinese Silkworm strain 804 (CHI804), basal diet with 6% chitosan from the PS 01 Hybrid Silkworm strain (CHIPS01), basal diet with 6% chitosan from the Hybrid F1 Japanese 102 × Chinese 202 races (CHIJC02), and basal diet with 6% commercial shrimp shell chitosan as the positive control (CHICOMM). The in vitro experiments assessed digestibility, pH, total gas generation, CH4 production, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and short-chain fatty acid levels, along with microbial population. Data were analyzed using a general linear model followed by Duncan’s test when applicable. Results: A significant effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), total gas production, CH4, NH3-N, and rumen microbial populations (Methanogens, Ruminoccocus albus, Ruminoccocus flavefaciens, Selonomonas ruminantium, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Streptoccocus bovis, Prevotella spp., and Bacteroides spp.) was observed (p < 0.05). The extracted chitosan (CHIJC02) used in this study exhibited a similar quality to that of commercial chitosan (CHICOMM). CHI804 treatment could reduce gas production, NH3-N production, and B. fibrisolvens population significantly (p < 0.05), while CHIJC02 could reduce CH4 production, methanogen population, acetate (C2) production, and increase propionate (C3) production significantly (p < 0.05). CHIJC02 and CHICOMM treatments could also increase the population of R. flavefaciens, S. ruminantium, and Bacteroides spp. significantly (p < 0.05). Chitosan addition significantly (p < 0.05) reduced DMD but did not impact organic matter digestibility or pH. Conclusion: The extracted chitosan mimics commercial chitosan in physico-chemical properties. Chitosan derived from Japanese and Chinese F1 hybrid silkworm strains demonstrated superior capacity for inhibiting CH4 generation compared to commercial chitosan. The quality and effects on methanogenesis, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbial populations can differ depending on the origin of chitosan. Keywords: CH4 production, chitosan, fermentation profile, in vitro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of silkworms (Bombyx mori) chitosan on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis, and microbial population in vitro

Sagala,

Andadari,

Handayani

et al. 2024

Vet World

Self Cite

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“…Adding L. plantarum Ca098 reduces the pH quickly and increases the concentration of lactic acid compared to L. plantarum 1A-2; the fermented rice straw produced had a higher crude protein content than other treatments. The use of L. plantarum 1A-2 inoculant was reported to produce silage with good and stable quality on elephant grass [20], corn crops [21], and rice straw [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains as inoculant of rice straw fermentation and its fermentation characteristics

Mernawati,

Meryandini,

Widyastuti

2023

Livest. Anim. Res.

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Objective: This study aimed to select Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains suitable for inoculant of rice straw fermentation and to evaluate its fermentation characteristics. Methods: The experiment was conducted at the Feed Bioprocess Laboratory, Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). This experiment was designed using a 3×4 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor was inoculant (1%), and the second was incubation time (7, 14, 28, and 58 days). The first stage was selection of 9 strains of L. plantarum, based on the ability to lowering the pH and produce lactic acid. The second stage was observing the growth curve of the selected strains of L. plantarum as inoculant for rice straw fermentation. The third stage was monitoring of the rice straw fermentation characteristics, including pH values, concentration of lactic acid, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and NH3-N, also dry matter, ash and crude protein. Data were analyzed based on analysis of variance, and if there was a significant effect, the data were further analyzed with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Results: The selected strains L. plantarum Ca098 and L. plantarum 1A-2 showed significant interaction result (p<0.05) compared with treating inoculant and ensiling days. The fermentation time influenced (p<0.05) the quality of rice straw fermentation including pH, concentration of lactic acid, WSC, NH3-N, and crude protein. Conclusions: L. plantarum Ca098 showed the best rice straw fermentation characteristics, with fleigh value of 163.86±5.97 at 58 days of fermentation. L. plantarum Ca098 showed the highest lactic acid, the lowest pH and improve crude protein content.

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“…Thus, the interaction of cellulase with LAB to improve the quality of silages has been extensively studied, and the advantages in increasing dry matter, crude protein and lactic acid contents, and decreasing acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents have been verified. The silages include fresh rice straw silage ( Sarwono et al, 2021 ), oat silage ( Xu et al, 2022 ), Caragana korshinskii silage ( Bai et al, 2023 ), mulberry leaf silage ( Lactobacillus ) ( He et al, 2019 ), a mixture of amaranth and rice straw ( Lactobacillus plantarum ) ( Mu et al, 2020 ), and mixed silage of whole-plant corn and peanut Vines ( Wang et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of additive cellulase on fermentation quality of whole-plant corn silage ensiling by a Bacillus inoculant and dynamic microbial community analysis

Liu,

Wang,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Whole-plant corn silage (WPCS) has been widely used as the main roughage for ruminant, which promoted the utilization of corn stover for animal feed production. However, rigid cell wall structure of corn stover limits the fiber digestion and nutrients adsorption of WPCS. This study investigated the effect of adding cellulase on improving the fermentation quality of WPCS ensiling with a Bacillus complex inoculant. With the Bacillus (BA), the lactic acid accumulation in the WPCS was significantly higher than that in control (CK). The additive cellulase (BC) increased the lactic acid content to the highest of 8.2% DW at 60 days, which was significantly higher than that in the CK and BA groups, and it reduced the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents from 42.5 to 31.7% DW and 28.4 to 20.3% DW, respectively, which were significantly lower than that in the CK and BA groups. The crude protein and starch were not obviously lost. Dynamic microbial community analysis showed that the Bacillus inoculant promoted the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation, because higher abundance of Lactobacillus as the dominant bacteria was observed in BA group. Although the addition of cellulase slowed the Lactobacillus fermentation, it increased the bacterial community, where potential lignocellulolytic microorganisms and more functional enzymes were observed, thus leading to the significant degradation of NDF and ADF. The results revealed the mechanism behind the degradation of NDF and ADF in corn stover, and also suggested the potential of cellulase for improving the nutritional quality of WPCS.

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Characteristics of fresh rice straw silage quality prepared with addition of lactic acid bacteria and crude cellulase

Cited by 7 publications

References 68 publications

The effect of silkworms (Bombyx mori) chitosan on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis, and microbial population in vitro

The effect of silkworms (Bombyx mori) chitosan on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis, and microbial population in vitro

Selection of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains as inoculant of rice straw fermentation and its fermentation characteristics

Effect of additive cellulase on fermentation quality of whole-plant corn silage ensiling by a Bacillus inoculant and dynamic microbial community analysis

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