Characteristics of frontal plane lower limb movement during walking in patients with knee osteoarthritis of varying severity

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of knee joint structural destruction on frontal plane hip and ankle joint kinematics and kinetics during the stance phase of walking in patients with differing severities of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: An early KOA group consisted of eight subjects with bilateral knee Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) scale scores of 1 or 2. An established KOA group comprised nine subjects (18 knees) with KL scores of 3 or 4. To measure walking, the data were obtained using the motion analysis system and force plates. From the ground reaction force data, the stance phase of gait was divided into five periods. Results: In the established KOA group, the hip joint was significantly abducted, and the knee joint had significantly greater varus positioning during the stance phase. In addition, in the established KOA group, a significant knee abductor moment was observed during the stance phase. In contrast, in the early KOA group, the ankle joint showed a significant inversion moment during the stance phase, but in the established KOA group, the ankle joint moment was very small. Conclusions: The structural destruction of the knee joint in the frontal plane in patients with the established KOA changes the movement of the hip and the moment of the ankle.

Biomechanical changes in lower extremity in individuals with knee osteoarthritis in the past decade: A scoping review

“…The significant correlation between femoral anteversion, hamstring muscle length, Q angle (dynamic), and tibial torsion with NRS pain scale. BMI (mean ± SD) = 27.97 ± 8.70 kg/m2 - Femoral anteversion (mean ± SD) = 12.15 ± 12.02° - Hamstring muscle length (mean ± SD) = 280 ± 20.13 mm - Q angle (mean ± SD) static = 18.5 ± 16.26° Q angle dynamic (mean ± SD) = 24 ± 16.97° - Navicular drop height (mean ± SD) = 7.5 ± 6.36 mm - Tibial torsion (mean ± SD) = 8.5 ± 7.36° 5 Fukaya T et al, Japan, 2019 [ 29 ] n = 8 (3 men and 5 women), recorded a KL scale score of 1–2 n = 9 (3 men and six women), recorded a KL scale score of 3–4 CSS To investigate the effect of structural destruction of the knee joint on frontal plane hip and ankle joint kinematics and kinetics during the stance phase of walking in individuals with differing severities of knee OA. WOMAC and KL Vicon Mx2 Camera system Three AMTI force plates In the Knee OA group with KL 3–4, the hip joint was significantly abducted and the knee joint had significantly greater varus positioning during the stance phase.…”

“…In this case, the knee abduction moment can be reduced. As the severity of Knee OA increases, the tendency of hip abduction positions also increases [ 29 ]. The abduction position of the hip joint produces a larger abduction moment on the knee joint.…”

Detection of kinematic abnormalities in persons with knee osteoarthritis using markerless motion capture during functional movement screen and daily activities

“…Each group contained 15 people. For the purposes of this study, K–L grades 3 and 4 were considered as a single group ( Fukaya et al, 2019 ; Ismailidis et al, 2020 ). The selected patients had confirmed imaging findings indicative of primary KOA.…”

Relationship between the thoracic asymmetry in standing position and the asymmetry of ankle moment in the frontal plane during gait

“…The COP mediolateral deviation was defined as the mediolateral axial coordinates of the COP relative to a line connecting the Gait parameters in the stance phase were normalized to 100% and averaged over three trials. Loading response (16% of the stance: LR), midstance (50% of the stance: MS), and terminal stance (83% of the stance: TS) during the stance phase were the analysis points 10,14) . The IAMF and COM coordinates were calculated based on the Plug-in Gait Full Body Model, and the TLD, the asymmetrical ratios of the UTS and LTS, the center of the foot coordinates, and the COP mediolateral deviation were calculated using analysis programming software (Body Builder; Vicon Motion Systems, Ltd., Oxford, UK).…”

“…Choi et al 8 ) claimed that the external ankle varus moment during gait in patients with medial ankle osteoarthritis is a mechanical factor that causes varus of the talus, and they reported that patients with a lower medial longitudinal arch had a greater varus moment. Furthermore, gait analysis in patients with knee osteoarthritis 9 , 10 ) has revealed that the IAMF is associated with external knee adduction moment, and the IAMF is considered an important factor in the progression of knee osteoarthritis. Thus, IAMF imbalance is considered a factor that increases mechanical stress on the lower extremities and negatively affects the local alignment.…”