Characteristics of H7N9 avian influenza pneumonia: a retrospective analysis of 17 cases

Yu, Wenqing; Ji, Ningfei; Ding, Mingdong; Gu, Changjiang; Ma, Yuan; Wu, Zhenzhen; Wang, Yanli; Wu, Chaojie; Dai, Guihong; Chen, Yan; Jin, Rongrong; Tan, Yibin; Zhu, Yan; Zhou, Daming; Xian, Jianchun; Xu, Huji; Huang, Mao

doi:10.1111/imj.14685

“…One week after onset of the COVID-19 infection, the clinical condition of the disease can become severe, progressing with hypoxemia and dyspnea, and rapidly develop to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 17% of patients, and 65% of these patients worsened and died due to multi-organ dysfunction 3,4,5 . Similar clinical characteristics have also been observed in patients infected with other highly pathogenic respiratory viruses such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus (SARS-CoV) 6 , the middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus (MERS-CoV) 7 , and the avian H1N5 and H7N9 influenza viruses 8,9 . In some cases the viral load was low or undetectable at the time of severe illness 10 , suggesting that there were other causes of death than the virus alone.…”

supporting

confidence: 60%

Pathogenic antibodies induced by spike proteins of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV viruses

Wang

¹

,

Chen

²

,

Hu

³

et al. 2021

Preprint

1

11

0

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This study, using a virus-free mouse model, explores the pathogenic roles of certain antibodies specific to the spike proteins of highly pathogenic coronaviruses such as the COVID-19 and the SARS-CoV viruses. Our data showed that these pathogenic antibodies, through a mechanism of Antibody Dependent Auto-Attack (ADAA), target and bind to host vulnerable cells or tissues such as damaged lung epithelium cells, initiate a self-attack immune response, and lead to serious conditions including ARDS, cytokine release, and death. Moreover, the pathogenic antibodies also induced inflammation and hemorrhage of the kidneys, brain, and heart. Furthermore, the pathogenic antibodies can bind to unmatured fetal tissues and cause abortions, postpartum labors, still births, and neonatal deaths of pregnant mice. Novel clinical interventions, through disrupting the host-binding of these pathogenic antibodies, can be developed to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the new concept of ADAA explored by this study may be applicable to other infectious diseases, such as the highly pathogenic influenza infections. It should be noted that the majority of anti-spike antibodies are non-pathogenic, as only 2 of 7 monoclonal antibodies tested showed significant pathogenic effects.

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“…In this research, we found the higher proportion of male patients in the H7N9 group, which was similar to the data from some previous clinical studies, which can be explained by more involvement of males in poultry breeding and slaughtering [7][8][9]. By comparison, cough and chest tightness were more common in the in uenza groups compared with the COVID-19 group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparative Study of Hematological and Radiological Feature of Severe/Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19, Influenza A H7N9 and H1N1 Pneumonia

Kong

¹

,

Wan²,

Shi

³

et al. 2021

Preprint

0

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Objectives This study aimed to explore useful clinical indexes for management of severe/critically ill patients with COVID-19, Influenza A H7N9 and H1N1 pneumonia by comparing hematological and radiological characteristics between them. Methods Severe/critically ill patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, Influenza A H7N9 and H1N1 pneumonia were retrospectively enrolled. The demographic data, clinical manifestations, hematological parameters, and radiological characteristics of three groups were compared. The influenza A was divided into two groups with/without patient death.Results In this study, 16 cases of COVID-19, 10 cases of influenza A (H7N9), and 13 cases of influenza A (H1N1) who met severe/critically ill criteria were included. Compared with COVID-19, the Influenza A (H7N9 and H1N1) groups had relatively more chronic diseases (80% and 92.3% vs 25%, P＜0.05), higher APACHE Ⅱ scores (16.00 ± 8.63 and 15.08 ± 6.24, vs 5.50 ± 2.58, P＜0.05) and higher mortality rates (40% and 46.2% vs 0%, P＜0.05). The hematological finding indicated that Influenza A H7N9 and H1N1 patients had more significant lymphocytopenia (0.59 ± 0.31 × 109/L and 0.56 ± 0.35 × 109/L vs 0.97 ± 0.33 × 109/L, P < 0.05), elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR; 14.67 ± 6.10 and 14.64 ± 10.36 vs 6.29 ± 3.72, P < 0.05) compared to COVID-19. Especially in influenza A patients, NLR was significant different between the patients with or without death. Compared with the H7N9 group, ground glass opacity (GGO) on chest CT was more common in the COVID-19 group (P = 0.028), while pleural effusion was relatively rare (P = 0.001).ConclusionCompared to COVID-19, patients with Influenza A (H7N9 and H1N1) had more underlying chronic diseases and higher mortality rates. The NLR can be used as a clinical parameter for the predication of risk stratification and outcome in COVID-19 and Influenza A pneumonia. Manifestations of pleural effusion or GGO in chest CT may be helpful for the identification of different viral pneumonia.

show abstract

“…One week after onset of the COVID-19 infection, the clinical condition of the disease can become severe, progressing with hypoxemia and dyspnea, and rapidly develop to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 17% of patients, and 65% of these patients worsened and died due to multi-organ dysfunction 3,4,5 . Similar clinical characteristics have also been observed in patients infected with other highly pathogenic respiratory viruses such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus (SARS-CoV) 6 , the middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus (MERS-CoV) 7 , and the avian H1N5 and H7N9 influenza viruses 8,9 . In some cases the viral load was low or undetectable at the time of severe illness 10 , suggesting that there were other causes of death than the virus alone.…”

supporting

confidence: 60%

Pathogenic antibodies induced by spike proteins of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV viruses

Wang,

Chen,

Hu

et al. 2023

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study, using a virus-free mouse model, explores the pathogenic roles of certain antibodies specific to the spike proteins of highly pathogenic coronaviruses such as the COVID-19 and the SARS-CoV viruses. Our data showed that these pathogenic antibodies, through a mechanism of Antibody Dependent Auto-Attack (ADAA), target and bind to host vulnerable cells or tissues such as damaged lung epithelium cells, initiate a self-attack immune response, and lead to serious conditions including ARDS, cytokine release, and death. Moreover, the pathogenic antibodies also induced inflammation and hemorrhage of the kidneys, brain, and heart. Furthermore, the pathogenic antibodies can bind to unmatured fetal tissues and cause abortions, postpartum labors, still births, and neonatal deaths of pregnant mice. Novel clinical interventions, through disrupting the host-binding of these pathogenic antibodies, can be developed to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the new concept of ADAA explored by this study may be applicable to other infectious diseases, such as the highly pathogenic influenza infections. It should be noted that the majority of anti-spike antibodies are non-pathogenic, as only 2 of 7 monoclonal antibodies tested showed significant pathogenic effects.

show abstract

Characteristics of H7N9 avian influenza pneumonia: a retrospective analysis of 17 cases

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Pathogenic antibodies induced by spike proteins of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV viruses

Pathogenic antibodies induced by spike proteins of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV viruses

Comparative Study of Hematological and Radiological Feature of Severe/Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19, Influenza A H7N9 and H1N1 Pneumonia

Pathogenic antibodies induced by spike proteins of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV viruses

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