Characteristics of important commercial apple cultivars.

Hampson, C.; Kemp, H.

doi:10.1079/9780851995922.0061

Cited by 54 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…: small size, poor red coverage, low flesh firmness), and biennial cropping in some varieties such as 'Honeycrisp', 'Fuji' or 'Elstar' (Embree et al, 2007;Hampson and Kemp, 2003). The optimal crop load is that which delivers consistent annual cropping and fruit quality acceptable to the market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop loading studies on ‘Caricia’ and ‘Eva’ apples grown in a mild winter area

Castro

Álvarez

Gabriel

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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ABSTRACT:The crop load level of an apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) tree impacts fruit yield and quality parameters, tree vigor and biennial bearing. The optimal crop load is that which allows for consistent annual cropping and fruit quality acceptable to the market. We evaluated the effect of crop load on yield and fruit quality of two low-chill apples cv. 'Caricia' and 'Eva', growing in a mild winter area. During 2010 and 2011 crop load was manually adjusted from 2 or 3 to 17 fruits cm −2 of trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA). Fruit yield was positively related to crop load in both cultivars but mean fruit weight diminished as the crop load increased. For both cultivars, the production of non-commercial and small-sized fruit increased, whereas production of middlesized fruit diminished as the fruit load increased. Shoot length was not affected by crop load in 'Eva' whereas it was reduced in 'Caricia'. Red skin color (RSC %) had a quadratic response to crop load in 'Caricia'. On the other hand, the RSC % of 'Eva' fruit was adjusted to a negative logarithmic model as an effect of crop load increment. No biennial bearing was observed in either cultivar. This research study suggests that the maximum limit of crop load for both cultivars is 7 fruits cm −2 of TCSA, and the lower limit of crop load was 3 fruits cm −2 of TCSA for 'Eva' and 5 fruits cm −2 of TCSA for 'Caricia'.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop loading studies on ‘Caricia’ and ‘Eva’ apples grown in a mild winter area

Castro

Álvarez

Gabriel

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…Braeburn is a highly productive apple cultivar, but tends to alternate bearing (Hampson, Kemp 2003). It flowers abundantly and has a high fruit set so thinning is needed to obtain regular bearing.…”

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Flower thinning of apple cultivar Braeburn using ammonium and potassium thiosulfate: Short communication

Milić¹,

Magazin²,

Keserović³

et al. 2011

Hort. Sci. (Prague)

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Milić B., Magazin N., Keserović Z., Dorić M., 2011. Flower thinning of apple cultivar Braeburn using ammonium and potassium thiosulfate -Short communicaton. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 38: 120-124.Ammonium and potassium thiosulfate are used commercially or experimentally as flower thinners because they are considered user, environment and consumer safe. The thinning trials were conducted in 2009 and 2010, on three-and four-year-old Braeburn Mariri Red* trees. The chemicals were applied at 1%, 2% and 3% rates of ammonium and 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of potassium thiosulfate. Both thinning agents reduced fruit set, but were more efficient in 2009, when applied at 20% full bloom, than in 2010, when they were applied at 80% full bloom. Flower thinning with ammonium and potassium thiosulfate increased the average fruit weight, but the highest chemical rates retarded fruit growth. Ammonium and potassium thiosulfate did not affect fruit shape and firmness, but they increased starch degradation, total soluble solids content and titratable acidity. The treatments increased the percentage of flower buds, except at the highest chemical rates, where leaf damage reduced flower bud formation. Ammonium or potassium thiosulfate application may be recommended as the first step in a chemical thinning program.

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“…As cultivares também exibem comportamentos fenológicos distintos e, por isso, podem ser afetadas de maneira diferente no caso de ocorrência de eventos climáticos adversos (geada e precipitações em excesso na época de floração, estiagens, granizo, etc.). Por fim, deve-se considerar que as cultivares apresentam diferentes propensões à alternância anual de produção (hAMPSON; KEMP, 2003;ROBINSON, 2008;MCARTNEY et al, 2013;KRASNIQI et al, 2013). Ou seja, as respostas das cultivares, ao longo do tempo, estão relacionadas a vários fatores e, por isso, são distintas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Precocidade De Produção De Cultivares De Macieira Sobre Dois Porta-Enxertos

Fioravanço

2015

Rev. Bras. Frutic.

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RESUMO Em ensaios de competição, muitos fatores são avaliados visando a diferenciar as cultivares e a proceder à recomendação de uso. Em relação ao desempenho produtivo, cultivares que entram em produção precocemente, produzem regularmente ao longo dos anos e, ao final, apresentam produções superiores, destacam-se em relação às demais. Desta forma, o trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a precocidade de produção, por meio da aplicação do índice de precocidade de produção, e a produção acumulada de nove cultivares de macieira enxertadas sobre dois porta-enxertos, durante as seis primeiras safras. Os mais elevados índices de precocidade de produção foram exibidos pelas cultivares Daiane, Mishima e Fuji Select no porta-enxerto M-9, e pelas cultivares Fuji Suprema, Daiane e Gala Real no porta-enxerto Marubakaido/M-9. Ao final das seis safras, ‘Baigent’ e ‘Cripps Pink’, no porta-enxerto M-9, e ‘Maxi-Gala’, ‘Baigent’, ‘Daiane’, ‘Gala Real’ e ‘Royal Gala’, no Marubakaido/M-9, apresentaram as maiores produções acumuladas. Somente ‘Daiane’ e ‘Gala Real’, sobre a combinação Marubakaido/M-9, destacaram-se para as variáveis índice de precocidade de produção e produção acumulada, simultaneamente. O índice de precocidade de produção é um parâmetro importante para, junto com outros fatores, como a produção e a qualidade dos frutos, diferenciar cultivares de macieira.

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Characteristics of important commercial apple cultivars.

Abstract: The characteristics of the trees and fruits of the important apple cultivars Delicious, Golden Delicious, Fuji, Granny Smith, Gala, Jonathan, Jonagold, McIntosh, Rome Beauty, Braeburn, Elstar and Cox's Orange Pippin, as well as their production and breeding, are discussed in this chapter.

Cited by 54 publications

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Crop loading studies on ‘Caricia’ and ‘Eva’ apples grown in a mild winter area

Crop loading studies on ‘Caricia’ and ‘Eva’ apples grown in a mild winter area

Flower thinning of apple cultivar Braeburn using ammonium and potassium thiosulfate: Short communication

Precocidade De Produção De Cultivares De Macieira Sobre Dois Porta-Enxertos

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