Characteristics of Internal Solitary Waves near Its Generation Site in the Lombok Strait, Indonesia

Abstract

Evidence of internal solitary waves (ISWs) formation through the Lee wave mechanism in the Lombok Strait was revealed from the echosounder measurements conducted in November 2017. This study is aimed to characterize the property of ISW packet formed around ~30 km away from the generation site, in the southern part of the strait above the Nusa Penida Sill (NPS), by employing Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) solution. The packet can be categorized as the early stage of ISW formation, consisting of two waves of depression, with typical amplitude of 30 m and 10 m, for the first and second wave, respectively. The waves propagated northward with a typical phase speed of ~1.2 m∙s -1. The waves drive a maximum horizontal velocity anomaly of ~0.8 m∙s - 1 and a vertical velocity anomaly of ~10 cm∙s -1. The amplitude of the ISW packet will be potentially amplified during their propagation away from the strait. This study provides an observational based understanding on the early stage of internal tides evolution in the Lombok Strait, particularly highlights the energy transfer of internal tides through the propagation of internal solitary waves.

Effect of Internal Waves on the Hydrodynamics of a Mediterranean Sea Strait

“…Khimchenko et al [17] have analyzed measurements of isotherm fluctuations and applied the global tidal model in the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica) in order to study the characteristics of internal waves. Purwandana et al [18] have studied the internal solitary waves in the Lombok Strait (Indonesia) by examining the formation as well as the characteristics of waves away from the generation site. Brandt et al [19] have carried out high-resolution oceanographic measurements in the Strait of Messina.…”