Characteristics of lead isotope ratios and elemental concentrations in PM10 fraction of airborne particulate matter in Shanghai after the phase-out of leaded gasoline

Zheng, Jian; Tan, Minghong; Shibata, Yasuyuki; Tanaka, Atsushi; Li, Yan; Zhang, Guilin; Zhang, Yuanmao; Shan, Zuci

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.11.004

Cited by 243 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

105

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The scatter (e.g., Figure 3d) is typical of different ash composition and SO 2 to SO 4 2À transformation rates. The Pb/As correlation indicates that the Pb more probably derives from the coal ash than from the remnants from leaded gasoline, as also indicated by differences in abundances for Pb isotopic ratios (Xu et al, 2012;Widory et al, 2010;Zheng et al, 2004).…”

Section: Chemical Ratios As Source Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter and Summer PM_2.5 Chemical Compositions in Fourteen Chinese Cities

Cao

Shen

Chow

et al. 2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

384

176

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PM 2.5 in 14 of China's large cities achieves high concentrations in both winter and summer with averages >100 g m À3 being common occurrences. A grand average of 115 g m À3 was found for all cities, with a minimum of 27 g m À3 measured at Qingdao during summer and a maximum of 356 g m À3 at Xi'an during winter. Both primary and secondary PM 2.5 are important contributors at all of the cities and during both winter and summer. While ammonium sulfate is a large contributor during both seasons, ammonium nitrate contributions are much larger during winter. Lead levels are still high in several cities, reaching an average of 1.68 g m À3 in Xi'an. High correlations of lead with arsenic and sulfate concentrations indicate that much of it derives from coal combustion, rather than leaded fuels, which were phased out by calendar year 2000. Although limited fugitive dust markers were available, scaling of iron by its ratios in source profiles shows $20% of PM 2.5 deriving from fugitive dust in most of the cities. Multipollutant control strategies will be needed that address incomplete combustion of coal and biomass, engine exhaust, and fugitive dust, as well as sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and ammonia gaseous precursors for ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate.Implications: PM 2.5 mass and chemical composition show large contributions from carbon, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and fugitive dust during winter and summer and across fourteen large cities. Multipollutant control strategies will be needed that address both primary PM 2.5 emissions and gaseous precursors to attain China's recently adopted PM 2.5 national air quality standards.

show abstract

Section: Chemical Ratios As Source Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter and Summer PM_2.5 Chemical Compositions in Fourteen Chinese Cities

Cao

Shen

Chow

et al. 2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

384

176

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Considering the feasibility of sample collection and analysis in environmental health investigation, whole blood lead level is regarded as the most representative indicator of the current environmental and body lead contamination level (Barbosa et al, 2005;Batariova et al, 2006;Gil et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2009;Yan et al, 2013). Lead isotopes are not measurably fractionated in chemical and biological processes after geological formation, allowing lead isotope ratios (LIRs) to be used as a reliable index to trace lead contamination and pollution sources (Komárek et al, 2008;Widory et al, 2004;Zheng et al, 2004). Therefore, lead content and its isotope composition provide an ideal tool for identifying the sources and pathways of pollution (Ault et al, 1970;Graney et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic ratio based source apportionment of children's blood lead around coking plant area

Cao

Duan

Zhao

et al. 2014

Environment International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lead exposure in the environment is a major hazard affecting human health, particularly for children. The blood lead levels in the local children living around the largest coking area in China were measured, and the source of blood lead and the main pathways of lead exposure were investigated based on lead isotopic ratios ( 207 Pb/ 206 Pb and 208 Pb/ 206 Pb) in blood and in a variety of media, including food, airborne particulate matter, soil, dust and drinking water. The children's blood lead level was 5.25 (1.59 to 34.36 as range) μg dL −1 , lower than the threshold in the current criteria of China defined by the US Centers for Disease Control (10 μg dL −1 ). The isotopic ratios in the blood were 2.111 ± 0.018 for 208 Pb/ 206 Pb and 0.864 ± 0.005 for 207 Pb/ 206 Pb, similar to those of vegetables, wheat, drinking water, airborne particulate matter, but different from those of vehicle emission and soil/dust, suggesting that the formers were the main pathway of lead exposure among the children. The exposure pathway analysis based on the isotopic ratios and the human health risk assessment showed that dietary intake of food and drinking water contributed 93.67% of total exposed lead. The study further indicated that the coal used in the coking plant is the dominant pollution source of lead in children's blood.

show abstract

“…Al comparar los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo, donde se evalúan los niveles de PM-10 y metales pesados en La Habana, provincia más desarrollada, industrializada y densamente poblada de Cuba [8], con los reportados para las ciudades de Hong Kong [14], Beijing [15] y Shangai [16], estas dos últimas reconocidas como ciudades de alto grado de contaminación atmosférica [17], se aprecian niveles de metales pesados similares e incluso superior en algunos casos.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

“…Para los metales Pb y Cu, las concentraciones son superiores a las encontradas para la ciudad de Hong Kong [14], en tanto el Cd presenta valores superiores a los alcanzados para Hong Kong [14] y Beijing [15]. Puede apreciarse como la ciudad de Shanghái [16] es la de más alto nivel de concentración para todos los metales pesados evaluados, Fig. 6.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Cuantificación de la concentración de Zn, Cu, Pb y Cd en partículas menores de 10µm procedentes del aerosol atmosférico. Clasificación de las fuentes contaminantes en la zona de estudio

Rodriguez

Pérez

2018

tecnica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

En la atmósfera, entre otros fenómenos, ocurre el transporte de material particulado, en especial de aquellas partículas menores o igual a 10 µm y en la literatura dicha fracción PM10, esta reportada como nociva para el organismo humano. En el presente trabajo se tomaron muestras del aerosol atmosférico en una zona urbana de la provincia La Habana, Cuba. El periodo de muestreo cubrió el último trimestre del año 2009, tomándose un total de 14 muestras. Para la colección de las muestras se empleó un captador de alto flujo Staplex con filtros de cuarzo de 500 cm2. La zona muestreada se encuentra altamente influenciada por el tráfico urbano, la industria ligera y pesada, hospitales y vertederos. Se determinaron las concentraciones de PM10 presente en el aerosol atmosférico, así como los niveles de Zinc (Zn), Cobre (Cu), Plomo (Pb) y Cadmio (Cd) que forman parte de la fracción inorgánica del aerosol atmosférico colectado. Para la cuantificación de las concentraciones de PM10 y metales pesados se desarrolló un método de digestión acida y se empleó la técnica de Espectrometría de Emisión con Plasma Acoplado Inductivamente (ICP-AES). Las concentraciones obtenidas de PM10, con un valor medio de 39.85 µg/m3, es superior a lo establecido por la comunidad europea para el año 2010 (20.00 µg/m3), lo cual es un indicio de un desarrollo no sostenible. Los niveles de metales pesados, con valores medios de 100.31 ng/m3, 54.82 ng/m3, 50.97 ng/m3 y 7.74 ng/m3para el Cu, Zn, Pb y Cd respectivamente, se encuentran por debajo de lo regulado por normas cubanas y extranjeras. Se identificaron las potenciales fuentes de emisión de material particulado y las zonas geográficas de mayor impacto sobre la área objeto de estudio, encontrándose una influencia notable de la zona occidental del océano Atlántico y la costa este de Estados Unidos y Canadá.

show abstract

Characteristics of lead isotope ratios and elemental concentrations in PM10 fraction of airborne particulate matter in Shanghai after the phase-out of leaded gasoline

Cited by 243 publications

References 23 publications

Winter and Summer PM_2.5 Chemical Compositions in Fourteen Chinese Cities

Winter and Summer PM_2.5 Chemical Compositions in Fourteen Chinese Cities

Isotopic ratio based source apportionment of children's blood lead around coking plant area

Cuantificación de la concentración de Zn, Cu, Pb y Cd en partículas menores de 10µm procedentes del aerosol atmosférico. Clasificación de las fuentes contaminantes en la zona de estudio

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Characteristics of lead isotope ratios and elemental concentrations in PM10 fraction of airborne particulate matter in Shanghai after the phase-out of leaded gasoline

Cited by 243 publications

References 23 publications

Winter and Summer PM2.5 Chemical Compositions in Fourteen Chinese Cities

Winter and Summer PM2.5 Chemical Compositions in Fourteen Chinese Cities

Isotopic ratio based source apportionment of children's blood lead around coking plant area

Cuantificación de la concentración de Zn, Cu, Pb y Cd en partículas menores de 10µm procedentes del aerosol atmosférico. Clasificación de las fuentes contaminantes en la zona de estudio

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Winter and Summer PM_2.5 Chemical Compositions in Fourteen Chinese Cities

Winter and Summer PM_2.5 Chemical Compositions in Fourteen Chinese Cities