“…The energy of the ions is modulated to cover the irradiated volume with a uniform dose, called Spreading Out of the Bragg Peak (SOBP), where a broad spectrum of energies is present. Relative luminescence efficiency for 11 keV/mm carbon ions vs. 60 Co g-rays for Al 2 O 3 :C is about 0.80 (Yukihara et al, 2006), and 0.51 for LiF:Mg,-Cu,P (Bilski et al, 2008). Heavily doped supralinear MTT-N (LiF:Mg,Ti) shows h ¼ 1.07 for 2.2 keV/mm 4 He ions and h ¼ 1.02 for 11 keV/mm 12 C ions, but high fading of this material makes precise postal dosimetry difficult.…”