Characteristics of manganese phosphate coatings for wear- resistance applications

Degradation and crystalline reorganization of hureaulite crystals during the manganese phosphating of a high strength steel

“…This sludge is formed due to the continuous hydrolysis of the phosphating solution at high temperature [25] and causes gradual blurring of the bath. Turbidity reaches a maximum between 10-12 min in almost all the tests and, after this time, it is not possible to observe what happens in the sample during the test.…”

Electrochemical Phosphate Conversion Coatings: A Review

“…[14][15][16] These coatings are applied on several metal layers such as steel, [17][18][19][20] magnesium, [21][22][23][24][25] galvanized steel, [26][27][28][29][30] and aluminum. 31,32 In general, many phosphate baths are zinc base, 33,34 magnesium base [35][36][37] and iron base 38,39 and by adding di®erent cations such as nickel cation, 40,41 calcium cation, 42,43 niobium cation, 44 and copper cation, two or three cationic baths will be generated. Many of the reported phosphate baths require high operation temperature, the major problem of this bath is that it requires high amount of energy which is recently one of the crises all over the world.…”

Running-in of metal-to-metal seals and its influence on sealing ability with application to the design of biodegradable thread compounds

“…Phosphate conversion coatings provide a chemically incompatible (towards steel) and porous surface [67]. The porosity facilitates the absorption of a lubricant and/or corrosion inhibitor to protect the surface [68][69][70][71]. The coating can deform slightly to even out high pressure peaks in the contact and improve conformity of the surfaces [71].…”

“…The porosity facilitates the absorption of a lubricant and/or corrosion inhibitor to protect the surface [68][69][70][71]. The coating can deform slightly to even out high pressure peaks in the contact and improve conformity of the surfaces [71]. Furthermore, because of the properties mentioned it can also serve as a base layer for paint and organic coatings [69,72,73].…”

“…The quality of the phosphate coating and its aforementioned properties are strongly influenced by the process conditions during phosphating. The wear characteristics as function of the applied phosphating process were first investigated by [71]. The findings were that a thin fine grained coating gives superior wear performance.…”