Characteristics of Nanocrystalline Diamond Films on Titanium Surface and its Impact on the Proliferation and Adhesion of Cells

Abstract

Nanocrystalline diamond has extensive application in biology modified material aspects of human implants, because it has good mechanical properties such as corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. This study investigated the surface characteristics and biocompatibility of pure titanium whose surface was modified with nanocrystalline diamond by Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Spectruman analysis ray diffraction and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to analyze the chemical composition and surface topography of nanocrystalline diamond. We found that the particle size of the diamond on the titanium disc is nanocrystalline, and is without impure elements. In the experiment, we used Human Osteoblast-like cells MG63 to investigate the bioactivity of nanocrystalline diamond film. The attachment and proliferation of the cells were tested by NAPI, CCK-8. The result showed that oxygen terminated NCD groups had a significant advantage compared with hydrogen terminated and titanium groups on attachment and proliferation of MG63.

Key Challenges in Diamond Coating of Titanium Implants: Current Status and Future Prospects

“…Studies on the colonization of artificial diamond surfaces by a series of cells, such as fibroblasts, osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells had evidenced that sp 3 -coordinated carbon, either in the form of polycrystalline diamond films or micro/ nano-sized diamond grains, behaves simultaneously as a promoter of osseointegration and as an antibacterial agent [ 44 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. In this context, a number of in vitro and in vivo tests contributed to modify the concept that the cellular response at the implant–bone interface is influenced solely by the diamond’s surface topography [ 48 ].…”

Diamond in the Rough: Toward Improved Materials for the Bone−Implant Interface

“…CVD diamond on titanium and Ti-6Al-4V alloy is extensively reported in literature. [23,[37][38][39] Our focus on diamond-coated titanium is due to titanium's current status in implants, fabrication processes in place and the promise of additive manufacturing of titanium and metals. As mentioned earlier, CVD-grown diamond films are present in many variations, morphology and structure, depending on the fabrication process and crystal size, all of which possess different properties.…”

“…found NCD‐coated titanium surfaces to be more conducive to adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblast‐like cell lines MG63. [ 37 ] Evidently, nanoscale topography of diamond films, through tailored fabrication, can significantly impact the behavior of MSC and osteogenic cells; this behavior is well reported in materials with fabricated nanoscale topography, [ 68,69 ] and is attributed to the influence this architecture has on intracellular tension and cytoskeletal structure. [ 70 ] An advantage in using diamond coatings in this context is that the nanoscale topography is an innate feature of the biomaterial, not requiring further processing or laborious patterning.…”

Nanostructured diamond for biomedical applications

“…Diamond nanoparticles are being considered for use in medical imaging, drug delivery, gene delivery, and tissue engineering applications; for example, the delivery of drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis and cancer using diamond nanoparticles has been demonstrated [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. Diamond nanoparticles have been evaluated for use in orthopedic medical devices [64][65][66][67], artificial retina devices [68], microelectromechanical systems [69], scaffolds for tissue engineering [70][71][72][73][74], and gene therapy systems [75][76][77][78]. In addition, diamond nanoparticles have been incorporated in nanocomposites [79][80][81][82] and nanocomposite fibers [83].…”