Characteristics of Particulate Emissions of Compression Ignition Engine Fueled With Biodiesel Derived From Soybean

Abstract

An experimental investigation was performed on the effect of engine speed and EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) on the particle size distribution and exhaust gas emissions in a compression ignition engine fueled with biodiesel derived from soybean. The results obtained by biodiesel fuel were compared to those obtained by petroleum diesel fuel with sulfur contents of 16.3 ppm. The scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) was used for size distribution analysis and it measured mobility equivalent particle diameter in the range of 10.4 to 392.4 nm. In addition to the size distribution of the particles, exhaust emissions such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and combustion characteristics under different engine operating parameters were investigated. The engine operating parameters in terms of engine speed, EGR, injection pressure, and intake pressure were varied to investigate the individual impact of the operating parameters. As the engine speed was increased for the both fuels, the larger size particles which dominantly contributes particle mass was increased, however total numbers of particle were reduced. Comparing to petroleum diesel fuel, the combustion of biodiesel fuel in the engine reduced particle concentration of relatively larger size where most of the particle mass is found. Moreover, dramatically lower hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions were found at the biodiesel fueled engine. However, the NOx emission of biodiesel fueled diesel engine shows slightly higher concentration compared to diesel fuel at the same injection timing.

Sensitivity of Diesel Particulate Material Emissions and Composition to Blends of Petroleum Diesel and Biodiesel Fuel

“…Notwithstanding, the emission profiles of biodiesel combustion provided by this study may be the basis for further studies regarding this topic. This study provides a wider view of the chemical composition of carbonaceous organic aerosol emitted from a diesel engine operating on biodiesel fuel blends, limited by engine type and age, fuel type, and driving cycle, factors that may have an important influence on such emission profiles (Schauer 2003;Kim et al 2008;Borras et al 2009;Lapuerta et al 2009). Based on the earlier discussion, and keeping in mind that dilution of engine exhaust also plays a very important role on specifying realistic emission profiles from sources (Lipsky and Robinson 2006), this study has few comparable conditions with prior studies.…”

Compressed Biogas-Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine Optimization Study for Ultralow Emission

“…Generally, short mixture preparation time results in shorter ignition delay which defines the time between start of injection and start of combustion. The ignition ability in a diesel engine is mainly relying on caffeine and physical fuel properties such as structure of fuel composition, density, bulk module, cetane number, oxygen content, and aromatic content of the fuel [1,2]. The high cetane number, the reduced stoichiometric air requirement, and the excess oxygen content of air fuel mixture play an important role in short ignition delays for diesel combustion.…”

“…Biogas-diesel dual-fuel engines commonly exhaust a higher amount of particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) pollutant emissions compared to exhaust emission properties of gasoline engines [1][2][3]. Throughout the recent years, fossil fuels have been affected by a rise in prices of petroleum fuels due to the limitations of deposit and supply and the significant increase in desire of petroleum fuels.…”

“…Throughout the recent years, fossil fuels have been affected by a rise in prices of petroleum fuels due to the limitations of deposit and supply and the significant increase in desire of petroleum fuels. Because of PM, NOx and CO 2 emissions cause environment problems, emission regulations for diesel engine strengthened recent years [1,2]. Therefore, biofuels (liquid and gaseous) have been commonly used for intensive research studies all over the world because they are overestimated as impressively alternative fuels.…”

Performance evaluation of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fuelled with Uppage Oil Methyl Ester (UOME)

“…The methyl esters produced slightly higher power than ethyl esters, exhaust emissions of both esters were almost identical (Baiju et al 2009). Soybean biodiesel indicated faster ignition, lower pre mixed spike and lower peak pressure compare to diesel fuel due to the higher CN and less heating value of biodiesel when the same mass of fuel injected (Kim et al 2008). The biodiesel fuels emit substantially lower NO emission specifically when EGR is used [Gerardo et al 2011, Song 2012).…”