Characteristics of residual soils in Singapore as formed by weathering

Rahardjo, Harianto; Aung, K. K.; Leong, Eng Choon; Rezaur, R. B.

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2004.01.002

Cited by 195 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Matric suction, or negative pore pressure, increases the apparent strength of a soil; its role in controlling the stability of steep residual soil slopes after heavy and prolonged rainfall has been analysed in regional settings worldwide (e.g. Rahardjo et al 2004;Cascini et al 2006;and This Special Publication brings together papers presented at the Fourth General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union in Vienna, 15-20 April 2007, together with invited contributions. In this volume, following previous work (see Parise et al 2004;Ollier et al 2007), geomorphologists, engineering geologists and geotechnical engineers contribute to an up-to-date overview of approaches, methods and techniques devoted to better understanding the weathering conditions of rock masses on slopes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Weathering as a predisposing factor to slope movements: an introduction

Calcaterra¹,

Parise

2010

EGSP

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Recognition of weathering as a primary process in the development of landforms dates back at least to the late 19th and early 20th century, as indicated by several contributions from various countries (e.g. Cortese 1895;Branner 1896;Falconer 1911;Jutson 1914;Walther 1915); nevertheless, it was only in the second half of the last century that systematic studies on weathering and related topics such as geomorphology, engineering geology and petrography were carried out. In a recent review paper Ehlen (2005) found through an on-line search more than 9000 hits where the term 'weathering' was used, dating from the mid-1950s to the beginning of the 21st century. Such a huge number of citations clearly demonstrates the attention that the scientific community has dedicated to the in-place breakdown of rocks by chemical, physical and biological processes. However, despite the high frequency of landslides and erosional phenomena in weathered materials, and the damage and casualties they repeatedly cause, not very much is known about the direct and indirect relationships between weathering and slope

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confidence: 99%

Weathering as a predisposing factor to slope movements: an introduction

Calcaterra¹,

Parise

2010

EGSP

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“…Past field and laboratory studies have shown that residual soils consist of different zones of weathering with differing morphological, physical, and geotechnical characteristics; which also vary for different locations due to the heterogeneous nature and highly variable degree of weathering (Adekoya 1987;Rahardjo et al 2004). Indraratna and Nutalaya (1991) and Adeymi and Wahab (2008) highlighted variable nature of lateritic soils and emphasized the need of detailed investigations for reliable estimation of engineering behaviour of such soils.…”

Section: Site Investigations and Soil Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Analysis and Design of an Underground Portal in Lateritic Soils

et al. 2012

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This paper presents a case study of the analysis and design of slopes for the portal of an underground crude oil storage cavern site. The site selected for the slope study is characterized by residual soils and granitic rock formations, located in the southwestern part of India. It is observed that in tropical residual soils, most hillslope failures are caused by rainfall and thus it is important to consider hydrological conditions when attempting to analyze the stability of slopes in such material. Combinations of shallow slopes with lower overburden and high steep hillslope with large overburden were considered in the present study along with varying combinations of lateritic soils and weathered rock formations. The paper discusses the various investigations carried out to define the geotechnical properties of lateritic soil and weathered rock, followed by numerical modelling and remedial measures adopted to ensure the stability of slopes during design and construction phase. Since analysis and design procedures for such residual soils are not well established, comprehensive geological and geotechnical investigations were carried out prior to numerical model development for carrying out finite element studies in order to ascertain long term stability of slopes under differing ground conditions. The results of the stability analysis indicated that slope under existing condition were potentially unstable under rainy conditions and specific supporting measures were planned to ensure stability. Several alternatives were examined for improving the stability of slope taking into consideration existing facilities, space available for mobilization of equipments and environmental conditions in reference to specific project requirements. The convergence pattern obtained from geotechnical monitoring using optical targets along the slopes did not showed any alarming movement for over a year.

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“…These weathered rocks and soils are collectively called a decomposed granite layer (or stratum). The weathered soil is also called residual soil (GSL 1995;Rahardjo et al 2004) because, compared with lower layers of weathered rock, it exists near the ground surface. In South Korea, weathered granite layers are found not only at the ground surface of ancient mountains and hills, but also underlying artificial fill layers or alluvial layers on plains (Sun et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geotechnical comparison of weathering degree and shear wave velocity in the decomposed granite layer in Hongseong, South Korea

et al. 2015

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As part of a fundamental characterization of a subsurface layer in South Korea, the weathering degree and shear wave velocity (V S ) were evaluated in a decomposed granite in Hongseong, using X-ray fluorescence analyses and site investigations, including borehole drilling with standard penetration test (SPT) and in situ seismic tests. The subsurface layer was composed of a weathered layer 10-40 m thick at most sites. Weathering degree analyses indicated that three chemical weathering indices, the modified weathering potential index (MWPI), Vogt ratio (VR), and weathering index of Parker (WIP), generally increased with decreasing depth. In situ seismic tests revealed that V S ranged between 200 and 500 m/s in the weathered layer. Using the V S and N values from the SPT at borehole seismic testing sites, correlations between V S and N values were established for the weathered layer. Furthermore, examination of the relationships of the V S and N values with the MWPI, WIP, and 100/VR indices showed that the index values increased linearly with increasing V S and exponentially with increasing N values.

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Characteristics of residual soils in Singapore as formed by weathering

Cited by 195 publications

References 7 publications

Weathering as a predisposing factor to slope movements: an introduction

Weathering as a predisposing factor to slope movements: an introduction

Analysis and Design of an Underground Portal in Lateritic Soils

Geotechnical comparison of weathering degree and shear wave velocity in the decomposed granite layer in Hongseong, South Korea

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