Characteristics of summer and winter precipitation over northern China

Geyi, Wen; Xiao, Hui; Yang, Hongqiang; Bi, Yanfeng; Xu, Wenjing

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.07.023

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…4a that the D m values reach a stable value around 2-2.5 mm when the rain rate R > 60 mm h −1 , which means the increase in rain rate is mainly caused by an increase in concentration (Bringi and Chandrasekar, 2001). With respect to the D m -R relationship, the coefficient and exponent values of convective rain are slightly higher than stratiform, suggesting a larger D m of convective rain than stratiform rain for a given rain rate, which is different from the findings in eastern China (Wen et al, 2016) or southern China (A. S. . Figure 5 shows the distribution of log 10 N w versus D m derived from the DSD data for all the rainfall events, as well as two different rain types.…”

Section: Dsd Properties For Different Rain Typescontrasting

confidence: 61%

Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in the Beijing urban area and implications for radar rainfall estimation

Chandra

et al. 2019

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Raindrop size distribution (DSD) information is fundamental in understanding the precipitation microphysics and quantitative precipitation estimation, especially in complex terrain or urban environments which are known for complicated rainfall mechanism and high spatial and temporal variability. In this study, the DSD characteristics of rainy seasons in the Beijing urban area are extensively investigated using 5-year DSD observations from a Parsivel2 disdrometer located at Tsinghua University. The results show that the DSD samples with rain rate < 1 mm h−1 account for more than half of total observations. The mean values of the normalized intercept parameter (log 10Nw) and the mass-weighted mean diameter (Dm) of convective rain are higher than that of stratiform rain, and there is a clear boundary between the two types of rain in terms of the scattergram of log 10Nw versus Dm. The convective rain in Beijing is neither continental nor maritime, owing to the particular location and local topography. As the rainfall intensity increases, the DSD spectra become higher and wider, but they still have peaks around diameter D∼0.5 mm. The midsize drops contribute most towards accumulated rainwater. The Dm and log 10Nw values exhibit a diurnal cycle and an annual cycle. In addition, at the stage characterized by an abrupt rise of urban heat island (UHI) intensity as well as the stage of strong UHI intensity during the day, DSD shows higher Dm values and lower log 10Nw values. The localized radar reflectivity (Z) and rain rate (R) relations (Z=aRb) show substantial differences compared to the commonly used NEXRAD relationships, and the polarimetric radar algorithms R(Kdp), R(Kdp, ZDR), and R(ZH, ZDR) show greater potential for rainfall estimation.

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Section: Dsd Properties For Different Rain Typescontrasting

confidence: 61%

Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in the Beijing urban area and implications for radar rainfall estimation

Chandra

et al. 2019

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The mean values of and log 10 are 1.15 mm and 3.60 respectively. It should be noted that both mean values are slightly smaller compared with those obtained in Beijing area during the summer time of 2015 (from 30 th July to 30 th September) and 2016 (from 9 th June to 26 th September) (Wen et al, 2017a), which means that the DSD during summer time may be more concentrated than the whole rainy seasons.…”

Section: Dsd Properties For Different Rain Types 10mentioning

confidence: 55%

Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in Beijing urban area and implications for radar rainfall estimation

Ma¹,

Ni²,

Chandrasekar³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Raindrop size distribution (DSD) information is fundamental in understanding the precipitation microphysics and quantitative precipitation estimation, especially in complex terrain or urban environment which is known for its complicated rainfall mechanism and high spatial and temporal variability. In this study, the DSD characteristics of rainy seasons in Beijing urban area are extensively investigated using 5-year DSD observations from a Parsivel2 disdrometer located at Tsinghua University. The results show that the DSD samples with rain rate < 1 mm h−1 account for more than half of total observations. The mean values of log10 Nw and Dm of convective rain are higher than that of stratiform rain, and there is a clear boundary between the two types of rain in terms of the scattergram of log10Nw versus Dm. The convective rain in Beijing is neither continental nor maritime owing to the particular location and local topography. As the rainfall intensity increases, the DSD spectra become higher and wider, but they still have peaks around diameter D ~ 0.5 mm. The midsize drops contribute most towards accumulated rainwater. The Dm and log10Nw values show a diurnal cycle and an annual cycle. In addition, DSD shows higher Dm values and lower log10Nw values during the periods of strong urban heat island (UHI) effect and UHI up stage of a day, and the same in July and August. The localized radar reflectivity (Z) and rain rate (R) relations (Z = aRb) show substantial differences compared to the commonly used NEXRAD relationships. And the polarimetric radar algorithms R(Kdp), R(Kdp, ZDR), and R(ZH, ZDR) show greater potential for rainfall estimation.

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“…The convective histogram and stratiform histogram of D m are both positively skewed (0.84 and 0.26); however, the log 10 N w histogram shows a negative skewness for convective (−1.33) and exhibits a positive skewness for stratiform precipitation (0.1). Averagely, it can be seen that the DSD characteristic in southern China consists of a higher number concentration when compared the results with eastern China [29] (3.86 versus 3.55 for log 10 N w ), and relatively small-sized drops as compared with northern China [37]. While compared to Darwin located in Australia, the DSD characteristic in southern China consists of a lower number concentration [38].…”

Section: Classification Of Rain Typesmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Chen et al [4] used the summer months of three years in Tibetan Plateau and found that convective rain at daytime could be identified as continental-like cluster while the night fall in the maritime-like cluster. Based on 96 rainfall events at the Shunyi national meteorological observation station located in northern China, Wen et al [37] found that whether the convective DSDs can be characterized as maritime or continental-like cluster up to the orientations and mechanisms of rainfall system.…”

Section: Distribution Of D M and N Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution in the Monsoon Season Observed in Southern China

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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This study investigates the statistical characteristics of raindrop size distributions (DSDs) in monsoon season with observations collected by the second-generation Particle Size and Velocity (Parsivel2) disdrometer located in Zhuhai, southern China. The characteristics are quantified based on convective and stratiform precipitation classified using the rainfall intensity and total number of drops. On average of the whole dataset, the DSD characteristic in southern China consists of a higher number concentration of relatively small-sized drops when compare with eastern China and northern China, respectively. In the meanwhile, the Dm and log10Nw scatter plots prove that the convective rain in monsoon season can be identified as maritime-like cluster. The DSD is in good agreement with a three-parameter gamma distribution, especially for the medium to large raindrop size. Using filtered data observed by Parsivel2 disdrometer, a new Z–R relationship, Z = 498R1.3, is derived for convective rain in monsoon season in southern China. These results offer insights of the microphysical nature of precipitation in Zhuhai during monsoon season, and provide essential information that may be useful for precipitation retrievals based on weather radar observations.

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Characteristics of summer and winter precipitation over northern China

Cited by 46 publications

References 84 publications

Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in the Beijing urban area and implications for radar rainfall estimation

Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in the Beijing urban area and implications for radar rainfall estimation

Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in Beijing urban area and implications for radar rainfall estimation

Statistical Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution in the Monsoon Season Observed in Southern China

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