Characteristics of Summertime Volatile Organic Compounds in the Lower Free Troposphere: Background Measurements at Mt. Fuji

Ou-Yang, Chang Feng; Chang, Chih Chung; Wang, Jia Lin; Shimada, Kojiro; Hatakeyama, Shiro; Kato, S.; Chiu, Jia Yang; Sheu, Guey Rong; Lin, Neng Huei

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2017.04.0144

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The total time required was 31.5 min. Several standard gases were used to calibrate VOCs (Ou-Yang et al, 2017). For each species, calibration was conducted and a good linear fit was observed with R 2 > 0.99.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis and Data Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Apportionment of Air Pollution and Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, North Taiwan

Widiana

Tsai

Wang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Monitoring air quality in the municipal wastewater treatment plants is an initial stage in preventing several problems related to air emissions. This study measured 103 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), total VOC (TVOC), and some prominent air pollutants (CO, CO 2 , NH 3 , H 2 S, PM 1 , PM 2.5 , PM 7 , PM 10 , TSP) in the municipal wastewater treatment plant X located in the north of Taiwan. Thirty-three VOCs were identified, which categorized as alkane, aromatic, alkene, ester, ether, haloalkane and ketone. Five dominant factors were determined from principal component analysis (PCA). The first factor involves indoor activities (such as particulate matter resuspension), and outdoor activities (such as vehicles exhausts), which explained 32.42% of total variance. Factor 2 was paint applications and domestic wastewater decomposition, with an explained variance of 17.23%. Factor 3 was solvent use, with an explained variance of 14.26%. Factor 4 was solvent use and road dust, with an explained variance of 8.54%. Factor 5 was a byproduct of the chlorination treatment process, with an explained variance of 6.92%. The five factors explained 79.37% of total variance. By applying absolute principal component scores (APCS), source apportionments were obtained having 35.21%, 26.04%, 16.13%, 7.03%, and 15.59% for factors 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Toluene had the highest ozone formation potential (OFP).

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Section: Chemical Analysis and Data Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Apportionment of Air Pollution and Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, North Taiwan

Widiana

Tsai

Wang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Alternatively, if sources are remote a low-resolution modelling approach would be more appropriate to identify air mass history (Brattich et al (2020); Sturm et al (2013)). Single back trajectory models, often driven by low-resolution meteorological input data, have been widely used to gain insight into the sampled air mass history at high-altitude sites (Keresztesi et al (2020); Brattich et al (2020); Ghasemifard et al (2019); Bolaño-Ortiz et al (2019); Qie et al (2018); Ou-Yang et al (2017); Chauvigné et al (2016); Brattich et al (2015); Gratz et al (2015); Ou-Yang et al (2014); Putero et al (2014); Tositti et al (2013); Cheng et al (2013), andFleming et al (2012) for earlier references). Advantages of this method are that it is computationally efficient, easy to perform, and for individual case studies the output is simple to interpret.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying source regions of air masses sampled at the tropical high-altitude site of Chacaltaya using WRF-FLEXPART and cluster analysis

Aliaga¹,

Sinclair²,

Andrade³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Observations of aerosol and trace gases in the remote troposphere are vital to quantify background concentrations and identify long term trends in atmospheric composition on large spatial scales. Measurements made at high altitude are often used to study free tropospheric air however such high-altitude sites can be influenced by boundary layer air masses. Thus, accurate information on air mass origin and transport pathways to high altitude sites is required. Here we present a new method, based on the source-receptor relationship (SRR) obtained from backwards WRF-FLEXPART simulations and a k-means clustering approach, to identify source regions of air masses arriving at measurement sites. Our method is tailored to areas of complex terrain and to stations influenced by both local and long-range sources. We have applied this method to the Chacaltaya (CHC) GAW station (5240 m a.s.l.,16.35° S, 68.13° W) for the 6-month duration of the “Southern hemisphere high altitude experiment on particle nucleation and growth” (SALTENA) to identify where sampled air masses originate and to quantify the influence of the boundary layer and the free troposphere. A key aspect of our method is that it is probabilistic and for each observation time, more than one air mass (cluster) can influence the station and the percentage influence of each air mass can be quantified. This is in contrast to binary methods, which label each observation time as influenced either by boundary layer or free troposphere air masses. We find that on average, 9% of the air sampled at CHC, at any given observation time, has been in contact with the surface within 4 days prior to arriving at CHC, 24% of the air was located below 1.5 km above ground level and consequently, 76% of the measured air masses at CHC represent free tropospheric air. However, pure free-tropospheric influences are rare and often samples are concurrently influenced by both boundary-layer and free-tropospheric air masses. A clear diurnal cycle is present with very few air masses that have been in contact with the surface being detected at night. The 6-month analysis also shows that the most dominant air mass (cluster) originates in the Amazon and is responsible for 29% of the sampled air. Furthermore, short-range clusters (origins within 100 km of CHC) have high temporal frequency modulated by local meteorology driven by the diurnal cycle whereas the mid- and long-range clusters’ (>200 km) variability occurs on timescales governed by synoptic-scale dynamics. To verify the reliability of our method, in-situ sulfate observations from CHC are combined with the SRR clusters to correctly identify the (pre-known) source of the sulfate: the Sabancaya volcano located 400 km northwest from the station.

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“…Some preview studies found that the most common pollutants in soil and groundwater contaminated by oil are total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Ethylbenzene, phenol (Irie et al, 2003) and other volatile organic carbons (VOC's) that cause to damage central nervous system (Lerner et al, 2012;Hua et al, 2018;Juuti et al, 2019) of human body as well as environmental degradation. Additionally, Industries, commercial facilities, public institutions, residential households, extraction and refining of fossil fuels and biomass burning are the sources of VOCs (Ou-Yang et al, 2017;Widiana et al, 2017;Alvim et al, 2018;Hu et al, 2018). Nonetheless, a comprehensive global assessment of the nature and concentration of VOC emissions associated with rendering operations has never been undertaken (Guerra et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Photocatalyst Module on Degradation of Extracted Gas from Soil under Visible Light

Fenelon

Hussain

Yang

et al. 2019

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is a promising technology for air purification due to low operating cost, potentially long service life, and low maintenance. In order to establish a high efficiency for removal of solid vapor extraction (SVE), in this study activated carbon was used for adsorption of SVE and lanthanum-doped titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst. The photocatalyst was coated on the glass fiber cloth and applied to the photocatalytic module and then performed for degradation of 15 ppm toluene. The adsorption module was used to eliminate the residual contaminants. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), showed the synthesis of the catalyst were successfully prepared and the photocatalytic commercial module was designed by four photocatalytic glass fiber cloths under visible light. The adsorption module was designed by five layers of activated carbon each layer contained 30 g of activated carbon sets in the photocatalytic module. When the ambient humidity is less than 4 RH%, the removal efficiency was overtaken more than 95% within 1 hour. The experimental results depict that the photocatalytic commercial module is assembled with flow rate less than 3 liters per minute and the removal efficiency can be stable for more than 72 hours.

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Characteristics of Summertime Volatile Organic Compounds in the Lower Free Troposphere: Background Measurements at Mt. Fuji

Cited by 15 publications

References 68 publications

Source Apportionment of Air Pollution and Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, North Taiwan

Source Apportionment of Air Pollution and Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, North Taiwan

Identifying source regions of air masses sampled at the tropical high-altitude site of Chacaltaya using WRF-FLEXPART and cluster analysis

High Photocatalyst Module on Degradation of Extracted Gas from Soil under Visible Light

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