Characteristics of the carbon nanotubes supported Pt−Ni and Ni electrocatalysts for DMFC

Dipti, Sharmin Sultana; Chung, U‐Chan; Chung, Wonsub

doi:10.1007/bf03027814

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The peak at 26.5°is attributed to carbon, whereas the peaks at 39.5, 45.68, and 67.06°are characteristic of Pt. 14,15 The spent catalyst did not exhibit new diffraction lines, thereby suggesting that no new phase was formed in the catalyst. The FTIR spectra for the unused and spent Pt/C catalyst are shown in Figure 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production by Reforming of Sodium Alginate in the Liquid Phase over Pt/C Catalyst

Kalekar

Vaidya

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Wet biomass such as macroalgae (or seaweeds) can be effectively converted into a H 2 -rich gaseous product by catalytic reforming in the liquid phase. Sodium alginate (SA)a major constituent of such biomasswas chosen as the model compound for this study on aqueous-phase reforming (APR). Trials were performed in the 200−230 °C range in a stirred batch reactor for up to 6 h using different alginate concentrations (0.5−2.5 wt %) in aqueous solutions. Low-molecular-weight organic acids such as acetic, propionic, lactic, and succinic acids and gaseous product comprising H 2 , CH 4 , CO, and CO 2 were formed. Contrary to the noncatalytic process, H 2 was selectively produced over commercial 5% Pt/C catalyst for loadings between 2 and 6 kg/m 3 . After 3 h of reaction over Pt/C at T = 225 °C, the values of carbon conversion into gas phase (X) and selectivity to H 2 (S-H 2 ) and H 2 yield (Y-H 2 ) were 9.7, 32.5, and 1.4% respectively. Other noble metals were also tested; however, Pt/C performed better than Ru/C and Pd/C. Several features of Pt/C were investigated using electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and NH 3 -temperature-programmed desorption techniques. A possible reaction scheme for alginate conversion to products was discussed. Despite the low H 2 yield, this work provided the desired starting point for improved macroalgae-to-H 2 conversions via APR.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production by Reforming of Sodium Alginate in the Liquid Phase over Pt/C Catalyst

Kalekar

Vaidya

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Furthermore, the peak current of the Ni/VCB particles were protected from the methanol crossover voltages because the methanol crossovers drop voltage is from 0.2 V to 0.3 V [4,7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytical activity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Vulcan XC-72(VCB) carbon supported Ni catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells

Dipti

Chung

2007

Met. Mater. Int.

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Ni catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) based on carbon nanotube and Vulcan XC-72 carbon black (VCB) were prepared and their catalytical activity was investigated for DMFCs. The deposition was used to prepare Ni/CNTs and Ni/VCB composites. The morphology of the nanocomposites was tested by XRD and TEM analyses. The XRD pattern clearly showed that the peaks of the Ni catalysts appeared separately for each catalyst, and the TEM analysis confirmed that the particle sizes of Ni were between 2 nm to 4 nm. The electrochemical analyses were carried out by cyclic voltammetry (CV) to find the catalytic activities of these two types of carbon-supported Ni catalysts.

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“…19,20 This material has oxygenated surface groups that may be useful for the generation of thiosemicarbazones, which present important properties to form stable complexes with some metal cations. [21][22][23][24][25] This work describes the synthesis and application of the Vulcan-cabarzone composite (Vulcan-CBZ) for the determination of copper ions (Cu 2+ ) in complex samples, such as biodiesel, aiming to the development of a stable, sensitive and selective voltammetric sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Novel and Simple Electroanalytical Procedure for the Determination of Copper in Biofuel Employing a Sensor Based on Vulcan Functionalized with Carbazone

Freitas¹,

Lima²,

Marques³

et al. 2018

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A novel and simple electroanalytical method for the determination of Cu 2+ in biodiesel samples by stripping voltammetric analysis was developed. The method employs a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with Vulcan carbon, previouly functionalized with carbazone (CBZ). The CPE/Vulcan-CBZ sensor promoted a significant increase in the analytical signal obtained from copper as compared to unmodified CPE, and the CPE modified with Vulcan carbon (CPE/ Vulcan). Vulcan-CBZ, Vulcan and CBZ materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. The electrochemical behavior of the sensor was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave anodic stripping voltammetric (SWASV) techniques. The CPE/Vulcan-CBZ modified electrode showed excellent response and was able to detect Cu 2+ at nanomolar levels. The electrochemical method is based on preconcentration of Cu 2+ ions on the CPE/Vulcan-CBZ at 0.35 V vs. Ag/AgCl(sat) in 0.2 mol L -1 ammonium sulfate solution ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ), pH 3.5, during 120 s, followed by subsequent chemical stripping. The analytical signal showed a linear response for Cu 2+ concentrations in the range from 6 to 190 nmol L -1 (r = 0.998), with a detection limit of 1.2 nmol L -1 . The sensor was successfully applied for the determination of Cu 2+ in biodiesel and the average recovery varied between 97.0 and 102.8% for the soybean biodiesel samples and between 109.6 and 111.0% for the babassu biodiesel samples showing a good accuracy for the proposed method.Keywords: biofuel, copper, voltammetric sensor, Vulcan carbon, carbazone IntroductionThe pursuit of alternative fuels has been acquiring prominence in the last decades. The replacement of fossil fuels has been motivated by environmental, economical and social factors, since society itself depends on its use. In this context, one alternative that has stood out is the use of biofuels, such as charcoal, alcohol, biogas and biodiesel. 1,2 Biodiesel is a renewable fuel produced either from vegetable sources (soybean, castor oil, palm oil, sunflower, among others) or from ethanol (from sugarcane) or methanol (which can be obtained from wood biomass). 3 It is, therefore, a biodegradable, sustainable and environmentally friendly fuel. However, some metals, such as Cu, Fe, and Ni, can be inserted in the production process with the catalysts, during transportation and storage. Furthermore, the presence of these metals, even at trace levels, can promote the formation of gums and sediments that damage vehicle engines and promote the oxidation of biodiesel. 4,5 Copper, iron and the effect of nickel on biodiesel's stability has been widely evaluated. Among these metals, copper is the most powerful catalyst in biodiesel's oxidation process. 5 Therefore, the monitoring of the amount of copper is extremely important in this fuel for preventing undesirable variations in its physical state and properties, during its use or storage. 5 In this context, it is opportune and necessary to develop novel sensitive and selective anal...

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Characteristics of the carbon nanotubes supported Pt−Ni and Ni electrocatalysts for DMFC

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Hydrogen Production by Reforming of Sodium Alginate in the Liquid Phase over Pt/C Catalyst

Hydrogen Production by Reforming of Sodium Alginate in the Liquid Phase over Pt/C Catalyst

Catalytical activity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Vulcan XC-72(VCB) carbon supported Ni catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells

Development of a Novel and Simple Electroanalytical Procedure for the Determination of Copper in Biofuel Employing a Sensor Based on Vulcan Functionalized with Carbazone

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