Characteristics of the dietary consumption of patients with probable dementia of Alzheimer type, at different stages: Observational study in a public outpatient clinic in são paulo, Brazil

Abstract

Purpose: to verify the correlation of the ingested diet with the nutritional status of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients; observation of fiber and fluid consumption and intestinal function.Methods: Cross-sectional study with 77 patients of both genders and their caregivers who were referred to nutritional status care in the three phases (CDR) of the AD. All answered the food anamnesis where it was possible to establish the amount of calories, macronutrients and micronutrients. Anthropometric measurements of weight, height, BMI, AC, TSF and AMC were collected.For the continuous variables, a descriptive statistical analysis was performed and for the analytical statistic the Poisson regression was used.Results: Most of the patients were eutrophic. The studied macronutrients were found to be adequate, except for the protein intake that was higher in the mild phase. No group achieved fiber intake. It was not found significant correlations between fiber consumption and intestinal function. In relation to micronutrients, adequate consumption of iron, vitamins A and B12 were found. Vitamin C intake did not reach DRI in mild patients and zinc consumption was low for patients who belonged to the group with moderated patients. Conclusions:Although it does not reflect the nutritional reality of Brazilian patients with probable AD, this study provided important characteristics of the diet composition that already allow us to establish nutritional action strategies.

Micro- and Macronutrient Intake and Food Group Frequency Consumed by Subjects with Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Latin America: A Systematic Review

“…However, this information was not included in the pooled analysis because data regarding the standard deviation was not available [ 20 ]. Another study from Brazil made by De Andrade Vieira et al found that the total energy in AD patients was 1715.3±492.3 kcal [ 21 ]. Medeiros et al also reported a total energy consumption of 1238.44 kcal among AD patients living in home health care centers [ 22 ].…”

“…Finally, De Andrade Vieira et al reported an adequacy percentage of macronutrients (carbohydrates (55.9%) and fats (52.4%)) but a higher protein (17.2%) consumption. In relation to micronutrients, vitamin C intake was acceptable but sodium did not reach the recommended dietary intakes [ 21 ] ( Tables 1 and 2 ). No group achieved the recommend fiber intake.…”

“…It has been reported that vitamin A deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of AD by stimulating the production of amyloid-β [ 48, 49 ]. Navarro-Meza et al [ 23 ], Goes et al [ 25 ], and De Andrade Vieira et al [ 21 ] reported a lower consumption of vitamin A, when compared patients between controls or nutritional recommendations [ 30, 36 ]. However, we were not able to plot vitamin A because there is missing data regarding the units used for its measurement.…”