Characteristics of the F response: a single motor unit study.

Yates, Stephen K.; Brown, William F.

doi:10.1136/jnnp.42.2.161

Cited by 61 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The direct relationship between stimulus intensity and F‐wave amplitude was first described by Magladery and McDougal 12. The incremental nature of this relationship was demonstrated by Yates and Brown 21. This observation is partly explained by the finding that different populations of motor units participate in F‐wave discharges as a function of stimulus intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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F‐wave acquisition using low‐current stimulation

et al. 2003

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The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of utilizing low-current stimulation for F-wave generation, thereby avoiding the discomfort of repetitive supramaximal stimulation. We employed the same technique as is used for generating F waves in the conventional way, except for using a stimulating current that was just strong enough to evoke a motor response on the oscilloscope. This usually required a stimulus of about 10-15 mA at 0.2-ms duration. Both median nerves of 30 subjects were evaluated with this technique and with F waves generated by the conventional technique in the same subjects. Amplitudes were larger when using supramaximal current stimulation. However, there was no statistical difference between F-wave latencies, chronodispersion, and persistence (penetrance) elicited with maximal and low-current stimulation. This procedure should represent a significant improvement for patient comfort during electrodiagnostic procedures involving F-wave studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…F waves were analyzed for minimal latency, average latency, maximal latency, amplitude, and chronodispersion (F‐max minus F‐min latency) 18, 21. After completion of this protocol, standard F waves were recorded with supramaximal current stimulation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

F‐wave acquisition using low‐current stimulation

et al. 2003

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“…This works without any synapse, so latencies are 1–2 ms shorter than the onset latencies of H reflexes. Because the number of reactivated axons and the activation level of the axon hillock itself change from stimulus to stimulus,36 the F‐wave onset latency, amplitude, and configuration vary from one stimulation to another (Fig. 1).…”

Section: F Wavementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurography: Late responses

Bischoff

2002

Muscle Nerve

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The meaningfulness of routine conduction velocity studies can be increased when so-called late responses (F waves, H reflex, and intermediate late responses) are considered. The techniques to elicit different types of late responses are described as well as their occurrence in physiological and pathological conditions. Late responses are muscle action potentials of different origins and different configurations, and they have different clinical implications. F waves are recurrent discharges of alpha-motor neurons that have diagnostic value in patients with demyelinating neuropathies and proximal lesions of peripheral nerves. H reflexes are similar to the muscle stretch reflex. H reflexes can be elicited in only a few nerves, so they are routinely used only in patients suffering from sacral plexopathies, S1 radiculopathy, and polyneuropathies. Intermediate late discharges are of various origins and clinical significance. True axon reflexes occur seldom in routine neurography and are usually caused by submaximal stimulation. However, A waves with a constant shape, latency, and configuration are often found in patients with polyneuropathies and may be early signs of acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (Guillain-Barré syndrome).

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“…However, errors of this order are quite common in the classical M response method (see Panayiotopoulos, 1978): a difference of 0.5 ms between onset of M response at knee and ankle would introduce an error of 6 m/s in MNCV estimations of the tibial nerve segment knee to the ankle. Consequently, the objections raised by Yates and Brown (1979) can not be accepted. The F wave, as the M response, method has a number of indispensable applications in clinical neurophysiology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike many books on neuropsychology, this one is easily read and there is a commendable absence of specialised language. IVAN T. DRAPER Letters F discharge method in measurement of proximal conduction times SIR,-In a recent report on the characteristics of the F response Yates and Brown (1979) concluded that "caution should be exercised before the F discharge is accepted as a method for measuring proximal conduction times in human motor nerves." This statement, based on only one partially examined observation of the above authors and a theoretical argument, is unjustified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

F discharge method in measurement of proximal conduction times

Panayiotopoulos¹

1979

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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Characteristics of the F response: a single motor unit study.

Cited by 61 publications

References 24 publications

F‐wave acquisition using low‐current stimulation

F‐wave acquisition using low‐current stimulation

Neurography: Late responses

F discharge method in measurement of proximal conduction times

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