Characteristics of the frequency and sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates of the lower respiratory tract of pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis in the Moscow region

Abstract

Chronic lung infection is the leading cause of death in patients with cystic fibrosis. The article highlights the data of a microbiological examination of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis living in the Moscow region and the results of determining the antibiotic susceptibility of the main isolated pathogens. The purpose of the study was to study the spectrum of the microflora of the respiratory tract of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis with the determination of the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Material and methods. A study was made of the discharge of the upper and lower respiratory tract in 127 (66.6%) pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis under the age of 18 years using the bacteriological method of research. Results and discussion. In children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis, S. аureus was isolated from the biological material of the upper and lower respiratory tract in 70.1% of cases, in 46.5% in monoculture and in 24% in association with other microorganisms. P. aeruginosa isolated in 23.6%, in monoculture 8.0%. In most cases, P. aeruginosa was associated with S. аureus. MRSA has been identified in 6.4% of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. The studied strains of S. aureus were 33% sensitive to benzylpenicillin, 25% to chloramphenicol and were resistant (75%) to ciprofloxacin. 56% of S. aureus strains remained sensitive to erythromycin. P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to ticarcillin/clavulanate), fluoroquinolones, third-generation cephalosporins, imipenem, and aztreonam. Conclusion. P. aeruginosa retains sensitivity to meropenem and aminoglycosides, and S. aureus to tigecycline, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, fosfomycin, and fusidic acid. Monitoring the antibiotic susceptibility of microorganisms isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis allows you to optimize the tactics of antimicrobial therapy, taking into account the revision of the criteria of the European Committee for the determination of sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs (EUCAST).