Characteristics of the gut microbiome in esports players compared with those in physical education students and professional athletes

Kulecka, Maria; Frączek, Barbara; Bałabas, Aneta; Czarnowski, Paweł; Żeber‐Lubecka, Natalia; Zapała, Barbara; Bagiñska, Katarzyna; Glowienka, Maria; Szot, Monika; Skorko, Maciek; Kluska, Anna; Piątkowska, Magdalena; Mikula, Michał; Ostrowski, Jerzy

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.1092846

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Barton et al (2018) extended these findings to demonstrate that the functional capacity of the athlete's microbiota was significantly enhanced, compared to controls, such that metabolic byproducts of amino acids and carbohydrates, along with SCFA concentrations were elevated ( 106 ). The few other studies in athletic populations have demonstrated varied results, with some reporting similar changes to the gut microbiome as above ( 107 , 108 ), while other report no differences ( 109 , 110 ). From athletes to normal healthy young adults, it has been reported that cardiorespiratory fitness level is highly correlated with the composition and diversity of the gut microbial community.…”

Section: Influence Of Physical Activity/exercise On the Aging Microbiomementioning

confidence: 83%

Growing old together: What we know about the influence of diet and exercise on the aging host's gut microbiome

Brooks

Wight

Azeez

et al. 2023

Front. Sports Act. Living

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The immune system is critical in defending against infection from pathogenic microorganisms. Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as the elderly, are more susceptible to infections and developing autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The gut microbiome contains a plethora of bacteria and other microorganisms, which collectively plays a significant role in immune function and homeostasis. Gut microbiota are considered to be highly influential on host health and immune function. Therefore, dysbiosis of the microbiota could be a major contributor to the elevated incidence of multiple age-related pathologies. While there seems to be a general consensus that the composition of gut microbiota changes with age, very little is known about how diet and exercise might influence the aging microbiome. Here, we examine the current state of the literature regarding alterations to the gut microbiome as hosts age, drawing particular attention to the knowledge gaps in addressing how diet and exercise influence the aging microbiome. Further, we will demonstrate the need for more controlled studies to investigate the roles that diet and exercise play driving the composition, diversity, and function of the microbiome in an aging population.

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Section: Influence Of Physical Activity/exercise On the Aging Microbiomementioning

confidence: 83%

Growing old together: What we know about the influence of diet and exercise on the aging host's gut microbiome

Brooks

Wight

Azeez

et al. 2023

Front. Sports Act. Living

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“…These two probiotic species are well represented in commercial products [ 66 ]. However, the effects of probiotic products on athletic performance are still poorly understood [ 67 ]. While we did not determine strain-level taxonomy from our samples [ 68 ], it was interesting that our results support the beneficial effects of Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis on general fitness and cardiorespiratory fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome features associated with performance measures in athletic and non-athletic individuals: A case-control study

Humińska-Lisowska,

Zielińska,

Mieszkowski

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The influence of human gut microbiota on health and disease is now commonly appreciated. Therefore, it is not surprising that microbiome research has found interest in the sports community, hoping to improve health and optimize performance. Comparative studies found new species or pathways that were more enriched in elites than sedentary controls. In addition, sport-specific and performance-level-specific microbiome features have been identified. However, the results remain inconclusive and indicate the need for further assessment. In this case-control study, we tested two athletic populations (i.e. strength athletes, endurance athletes) and a non-athletic, but physically active, control group across two acute exercise bouts, separated by a 2-week period, that measured explosive and high intensity fitness level (repeated 30-s all-out Wingate test (WT)) and cardiorespiratory fitness level (Bruce Treadmill Test). While we did not identify any group differences in alpha and beta diversity or significant differential abundance of microbiome components at baseline, one-third of the species identified were unique to each group. Longitudinal sample (pre- and post-exercise) analysis revealed an abundance of Alistipes communis in the strength group during the WT and 88 species with notable between-group differences during the Bruce Test. SparCC recognized Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, short-chain fatty acid producers with probiotic properties, species strongly associated with VO2max. Ultimately, we identified several taxa with different baseline abundances and longitudinal changes when comparing individuals based on their VO2max, average power, and maximal power parameters. Our results confirmed that the health status of individuals are consistent with assumptions about microbiome health. Furthermore, our findings indicate that microbiome features are associated with better performance previously identified in elite athletes.

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“…Genomic bacterial DNA was extracted from 200 mg of feces using a QIAamp Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions ( 26 ). DNA was quantified using fluorimetry with the Qubit dsDNA High Sensitivity Assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast cancer but not the menopausal status is associated with small changes of the gut microbiota

Zeber-Lubecka,

Kulecka,

Jagiełło-Gruszfeld

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundPossible relationships between gut dysbiosis and breast cancer (BC) development and progression have been previously reported. However, the results of these metagenomics studies are inconsistent. Our study involved 88 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 86 cancer-free control women. Participants were divided into groups based on their menopausal status. Fecal samples were collected from 47 and 41 pre- and postmenopausal newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and 51 and 35 pre- and postmenopausal controls, respectively. In this study, we performed shotgun metagenomic analyses to compare the gut microbial community between pre- and postmenopausal BC patients and the corresponding controls.ResultsFirstly, we identified 12, 64, 158, and 455 bacterial taxa on the taxonomy level of phyla, families, genera, and species, respectively. Insignificant differences of the Shannon index and β-diversity were found at the genus and species levels between pre- and postmenopausal controls; the differences concerned only the Chao index at the species level. No differences in α-diversity indexes were found between pre- and postmenopausal BC patients, although β-diversity differed these subgroups at the genus and species levels. Consistently, only the abundance of single taxa differed between pre- and postmenopausal controls and cases, while the abundances of 14 and 23 taxa differed or tended to differ between premenopausal cases and controls, and between postmenopausal cases and controls, respectively. There were similar differences in the distribution of enterotypes. Of 460 bacterial MetaCyc pathways discovered, no pathways differentiated pre- and postmenopausal controls or BC patients, while two and one pathways differentiated cases from controls in the pre- and postmenopausal subgroups, respectively.ConclusionWhile our findings did not reveal an association of changes in the overall microbiota composition and selected taxa with the menopausal status in cases and controls, they confirmed differences of the gut microbiota between pre- and postmenopausal BC patients and the corresponding controls. However, these differences were less extensive than those described previously.

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Characteristics of the gut microbiome in esports players compared with those in physical education students and professional athletes

Cited by 11 publications

References 74 publications

Growing old together: What we know about the influence of diet and exercise on the aging host's gut microbiome

Growing old together: What we know about the influence of diet and exercise on the aging host's gut microbiome

Microbiome features associated with performance measures in athletic and non-athletic individuals: A case-control study

Breast cancer but not the menopausal status is associated with small changes of the gut microbiota

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