Characteristics of the Italian biotechnology industry and new business models: the initial results of an empirical study

When technological discontinuities and disruptive business models challenge dominant industry logics: Insights from the drugs industry

“…The complexity of drug development and commercialization -and the fact that many of its steps can be achieved separately -has resulted in a fragmentation of the value chain that, in turn, has created opportunities for specialized companies which have developed competences, capabilities and knowledge in very specific technological and scientific drug development can become a supplier to drug developers" (expert 2). The expertise of these specialized firms is the basis of their value proposal to their customers -the large companies who continue to orchestrate overall drug development (Nosella et al, 2005;Piachaud, 2002): taken together, all these business are, effectively, part of a general processes optimization activity.…”

International Chemo-Entrepreneurship in Biotechnology: Factors Limiting Transfer of Biotechnology from Academic Entrepreneurship to Industrial

“…Moreover, biotechnology is the use of scientific and engineering principles (based on microbiology, genetics, biochemistry, chemical and biochemical engineering) to transform materials using biological agents (such as microorganisms, enzymes, animal or vegetable cells) with the aim of producing goods and services. Pharmaceuticals, new diagnostic kits, foods, chemical compositions, and new therapeutic methods are some examples of the goods obtainable, and environmental control and the treatment of effluents are among the services obtainable [6], [6]. The use of biotechnology actually goes back thousands of years and can be considered to coincide with the beginning of agriculture: biotechnological type processes are used to obtain products known since ancient times, such as beer (produced by the fermentation of grains), yogurt and wine, just to name a few.…”

“… Traditional biotechnologies, which are thousands of years old, such as fermentation;  Modern biotechnologies, which were developed after the industrial revolution, such as the biological processes used to obtain vaccines, enzymes, and hybrids;  New biotechnologies, which have been developed since 1970, thanks to the discovery of DNA recombination and cell fusion [6].…”

Business Models in Spanish Industry: a Taxonomy-based Efficacy Analysis

“…3 This continuous evolution has stimulated the development of pioneering research dedicated to business model dynamics (Mason & Leek, 2008: Willemstein, van der Valk & Meeus, 2007 in attempts to systematize distinct business models. These studies, which have mostly been influenced by inductive criteria, are restricted to specific industries such as biotechnology (Bigliardi, Nosella & Verbano, 2005;Nosella, Petroni & Verbano, 2005;March & Seoane, 2006;Willemstein et al, 2007), informatics (Bonaccorsi, Gianmnangeli & Rossi, 2006) and electronic commerce (Mahadevan, 2000), or businesses with a certain type of profile such as entrepreneurial firms (Zott & Amit, 2007). Other classifications (Camisón, 2001;Heuskel, 1999) take a deductive approach in the categorization of business models.…”