Characteristics of the lipid and fatty acid compositions of the Humboldt squid, Dosidicus gigas: The trophic relationship between the squid and its prey

Abstract

The lipids and fatty acids of the Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) were examined to assess its lipid physiology and the relationship between the squid and its prey. Similar to highly migratory fishes, D. gigas has high levels of 22:6n-3 (DHA) in its TAGs (21.9-29.0% for mantles and 21.8-23.9% for arms), different from stomach content lipids (1.9-16.5%), which fluctuated or were at very low levels in some samples. The major PUFA in the tissue (mantle, arm, integument, and gonad) phospholipids were 20:5n-3 (icosapentaenoic acid, EPA), and DHA. Markedly high levels of both EPA and DHA with noticeable levels of 20:4n-6 (arachidonic acid; ARA) were observed in phosphatidylethanolamine (17.2-28.8% for EPA, 8.8-22.6% for DHA, and 2.4-11.8% for ARA), while DHA was found as a major component in phosphatidylcholine (30.6-47.8% for DHA). These findings imply a concentration of these PUFA from the storage lipids in the tissues of D. gigas, and that the squid actively concentrates EPA and in particular DHA as a top predator, similar to highly migratory fishes. D. gigas is a healthful marine food containing high levels of EPA and DHA with noticeable levels of ARA.

Potential use of stable isotope and fatty acid analyses for traceability of geographic origins of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas)

“…Nonetheless, palmitic acid (C16:0) was identified as the basic SFA in all samples. The results are in good agreement with the observed dominance of palmitic acid in D. gigas mantle and arm muscle off northern Peru . This trend has also been reported for other squid species .…”

“…PUFAs were identified as the basic FAs in D. giga s muscle tissues. These results have been recently reported by other researchers, and observed in D. giga s liver . The region‐specific content of PUFAs in squid tissues could correspond to their dietary sources (i.e.…”

Variation of Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Japanese Freshwater Eel, <i>Anguilla japonica</i>, during Spawning Migration

“…Research cruises were performed during 2008 and 2009, and adult Japanese eels were captured by a large mid-water trawl net in the southern part of the West Mariana Ridge Table 1 16 . The samples of A. japonica listed in 2.3 NMR spectrometry and the determination of lipid classes Spectra were recorded on a GSX-270 NMR spectrometer JEOL Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan in a pulsed Fourier transform mode at 270 MHz in a deuterochloroform solution using tetramethylsilane as the internal standard 22 .…”

“…2.4 Preparation of methyl esters and analysis by gasliquid chromatography Fatty acids present in TAG, PE, and PC fractions were converted to fatty acid methyl esters by direct transesterification with methanol containing 1 concentrated hydrochloric acid under reflux for 1.5 hr, as previously reported 22 . These methyl esters were purified using silica gel column chromatography by elution with dichloromethane/ n-hexane 2/1, v/v .…”

Stress response and lipid composition in shrimpLitopenaeus vannameifed diets enriched with squid or scallop viscera meal

“…These lower levels could be a consequence of the seasonal variation when the squids were captured: squids used by Toyes‐Vargas et al (), Toyes‐Vargas et al () were caught in May, while the ones used here were caught in November. Morales‐Bojórquez, Cisneros‐Mata, Nevárez‐Martı́nez, and Hernández‐Herrera () reported this species of squid when sampled in the Gulf of California was sexually active from January to May, with very low activity in November, and the female gonad of squids is rich in lipids (Phillips, Nichols, & Jackson, ) and phospholipids and triacylglycerides, has more than 40% of 20:5n‐3 and 22:6n‐3 (Saito, Sakai, & Wakabayashi, ). Another possibility is that the diet of the squid is different in November, and since we are using by‐products that are mostly digestive gland, feeding differences could modify the fatty acid and general lipid composition (Phillips, Nichols, & Jackson, ).…”