Characteristics of tropical cyclone precipitation features over the western Pacific warm pool

Thatcher, Levi; Takayabu, Yukari N.; Yokoyama, Chie; Pu, Zhaoxia

doi:10.1029/2011jd017351

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…It has been indicated that TRMM 2A23 stratiform/convective classifications agree well with airborne and ground‐based radar stratiform/convective classifications (Heymsfield et al, 2000; Liao et al, 2001; Schumacher & Houze, 2000). There are many studies that have already used the 2A23 algorithm for differentiating stratiform and convective precipitation (YT08; Fritz et al, 2016; Hence & Houze, 2011; Thatcher et al, 2012). Therefore, although the 2A23 algorithm was not designed for TCs and its usefulness in a TC context may be somewhat limited (Hence & Houze, 2011; Rogers, 2010), it is likely the best available algorithm for the TRMM PR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratiform and Convective Precipitation Properties of Tropical Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific

et al. 2018

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The properties of stratiform and the convective precipitation of tropical cyclones (TCs) over the northwest Pacific are examined using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission data for 1998–2013. TCs are classified into inner core (IC), inner rainband (IB), and outer rainband (OB) regions, and the results show that TCs are dominated by stratiform precipitation, which accounts for more than 78% of the total raining area. The highest fraction of the stratiform raining area exists in the IB region and increases as the TC intensity increases (from 80% to 93%). Strong convective signatures generally occur in the IC region, less often in the IB region, and least often in the OB region. Stratiform precipitation in the IC region generally has comparable or even stronger ice scattering signatures and higher 20 dBZ radar echo heights than the convective precipitation in the IB and OB regions. Weak convection decreases significantly as the TC intensity increases, which leads to increased convective intensity. Stratiform (convective) precipitation accounts for 61% (39%) of the total TC volumetric rain and 25% (75%) of the total TC lightning flash, respectively. Moreover, stratiform precipitation's contribution to the total TC volumetric rain and lightning flash increases as the TC intensity increases, which indicates that stronger TCs are favorable for maintaining more stratiform precipitation. The stratiform and convective precipitation properties in different TC regions and intensities cooperatively change with the enhanced ascending branch in the IC region and the radial outflow at the upper levels of the secondary circulation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratiform and Convective Precipitation Properties of Tropical Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific

et al. 2018

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“…Convective precipitation features with a contiguous rain area greater than 1,000 km 2 (~32 km in length) have been frequently classified as mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in the literature (Cifelli et al, 2007; Houze, 1993, 2004; Liu et al, 2008; Thatcher et al, 2012). Figures 6a and 6d show the geographical distribution of large convective PFs with a size ≥ 32 km for both R_MEAN and the control run with percentages adding to 100% in each figure.…”

Section: Gmmf Control Experiments Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographical Distributions and Rain Characteristics Of Pfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Convective precipitation features with a contiguous rain area greater than 1,000 km 2 (~32 km in length) have been frequently classified as mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in the literature (Cifelli et al, 2007;Houze, 1993Houze, , 2004Thatcher et al, 2012). Figures 6a and 6d show the geographical Note that in the 3D framework, each simulated PF is assumed to be circular in shape, and its volumetric rainfall equals to the product of its circular area and mean rain rate.…”

Section: Geographical Distributions and Rain Characteristics Of Pfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Precipitation Features and Rainfall Characteristics in a Multi‐Scale Modeling Framework

Chern

Tao

Lang

et al. 2020

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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Cloud and precipitation systems are simulated with a multi‐scale modeling framework (MMF) and compared over the Tropics and Subtropics against the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Radar‐defined Precipitation Features (RPFs) product. A methodology, in close analogy to the TRMM RPFs, is developed to produce simulated precipitation features (PFs) from the output of the embedded two‐dimensional (2D) cloud‐resolving models (CRMs) within an MMF. Despite the limitations of 2D CRMs, the simulated population distribution, horizontal and vertical structure of PFs, and the geographical location and local rainfall contribution of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are in good agreement with the TRMM observations. However, some model discrepancies are found and can be identified and quantified within the PF distributions. Using model biases in relative population and rainfall contributions, PFs can be characterized into four size categories: small, medium to large, very large, and extremely large. Four different major mechanisms might account for the model biases in each different category: (1) the two‐dimensionality of the CRMs, (2) a positive convection‐wind‐evaporation feedback loop, (3) an artificial dynamic constraint in a bounded CRM domain with cyclic boundaries, and (4) the limited CRM domain size. The second and fourth mechanisms tend to contribute to the excessive tropical precipitation biases commonly found in most MMFs, whereas the other mechanisms reduce rainfall contributions from small and very large PFs. MMF sensitivity experiments with various CRM domain sizes and grid spacings showed that larger domains (higher resolutions) tend to shift PF populations toward larger (smaller) sizes.

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“…A TC either has an eye or has no eye, which has more remarkable characteristics in its morphology, such as a high center of bright temperature (Tb) value and the surrounding cloud walls have highly symmetrical, clouds with strong spirals, etc. In a cloud image from a meteorological satellite, a TC has a high grayscale average, pixel distribution centralization, quasi circle and smooth texture [16]; these characteristics usually form the main basis of TC cloud segmentation and center fixing. During the development of the TC, a vortex structure appeared in the cloud area gradually and became increasingly obvious.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective Detection of a Tropical Cyclone’s Center Using Satellite Image Sequences in the Northwest Pacific

Liu

Zhang

2022

Atmosphere

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A tropical cyclone (TC) is one of the most destructive natural disasters that can cause heavy loss of life and property. Determining a TC’s center is crucial to TC forecasting. It is difficult to locate the center of a TC during its formation stage and dissipation period. To address this problem, a novel objective algorithm called cloud motion wind (CMW) was proposed for detecting a TC’s center using infrared (IR) image sequences from a geostationary meteorology satellite. First, the optical flow model with weighted median filtering was utilized to build a cloud motion wind field. Second, the density matrix method was used to calculate the center of the TC. FY-2E (Fengyun-2E geostationary meteorological satellites) IR images of three TCs in the Northwest Pacific, Halong, Rammasun and Haiyan were analyzed using the proposed algorithm. The present algorithm estimated the track with an averaged track error of around 41 km. Experimental results compared with the observed track that was given by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) show that the proposed method provided accurate estimates of the cyclone center. The present algorithm has the potential to be employed to assist forecasters to detect the track of imminent TC.

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Characteristics of tropical cyclone precipitation features over the western Pacific warm pool

Cited by 6 publications

References 71 publications

Stratiform and Convective Precipitation Properties of Tropical Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific

Stratiform and Convective Precipitation Properties of Tropical Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific

Evaluating Precipitation Features and Rainfall Characteristics in a Multi‐Scale Modeling Framework

Objective Detection of a Tropical Cyclone’s Center Using Satellite Image Sequences in the Northwest Pacific

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