Characteristics of Upward Leader Emerging From a Single-Phase Conductor With Different Voltage Class

Improved electro‐geometric model for shielding failure analysis of transmission lines

“…In other words, a good curve fitting is done. As noted above, using (20)- (26) with the coefficients presented in Table 2, for SFR calculation, the lowest difference and thus the maximum compatibility between the results of LPM (presented in [12]) and the proposed IEGM are achieved. In other words, the results of the proposed IEGM are certainly better than the results of revised EGM proposed by Zhuang et al for these structures.…”

“…The experimental results show that the higher the operation voltage is, the faster and longer the upward leader of the structure would be [24][25][26][27]. Therefore, neglecting the upward leader by EGM leads to significant error in the results for SFR for high-voltage and ultrahigh-voltage structures.…”

Estimation of HVDC transmission lines shielding failure using LPM method and an adapted SLIM model

“…In [22], the lightning SFR of HVAC transmission lines is investigated by considering the sinusoidal phase voltage, but the upward leader parameters have not been modified although in [19], according to the experimental results, the conditions of the upward leader propagation under AC voltage and at different phase angles have been investigated and the velocity, charge density, and length of the upward leader have been measured.…”

“…The parameters of self-consistent model of Becerra highly affect the accuracy of the model. In the recent years, many experiments have been performed in order to determine these parameters [18,19]. Among different parameters of this model, propagation velocity, charge density, and leader length are more attended and measured.…”

“…Moreover, the lightning strike probability is higher in any phase that is positive to the two other phases. In addition, according to the performed experiments on the effects of DC and AC conductor voltage on the conditions of the upward leader propagation, an adapted SLIM model is presented [18,19]. By comparing the experimental results provided in [18,19], it can be seen that the velocity, charge density, and the length of upward leader emerging from a DC conductor are greater than the AC conductor.…”