Characteristics, Treatment, and Antiretroviral Prophylaxis Adherence of South African Rape Survivors

Carries, Stanley; Muller, Fritse; Muller, Frederick J; Morroni, Chelsea; Wilson, Douglas

doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e31813e62f8

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Two studies were in women of all ages34 35 and six studies included children and adolescents only as participants4 8 36–39 (table 1). Study settings included sexual assault services4 7 15 20–22 25 28 29 34 35 and hospital emergency departments 3 8 37–39. In three studies, data were obtained from PEP databases and sexual assault was studied as a subgroup of ‘sexual exposure’ or ‘non-occupational exposure’ 26 27 30.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In three studies, data were obtained from PEP databases and sexual assault was studied as a subgroup of ‘sexual exposure’ or ‘non-occupational exposure’ 26 27 30. Eight studies were conducted in developing countries 4 24 25 32–36. Seventeen studies were retrospective designs,3 4 7 8 20–22 25–31 35 38 39 six were prospective designs15 24 32 33 36 37 and one was a randomised controlled trial 34.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven studies reported on refusals3 7 8 15 22 28 32 and of these, two studies had refusal rates of greater than 20% 7 15. The reasons for discontinuing PEP were poorly documented overall, and side effects were not reported in seven studies 3 7 25 27 33 35 36. Inclusion or exclusion criteria were not specified in five studies 7 26 33 38 39.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eight studies used two-drug regimens,4 7 24 25 34 36 37 39 seven studies used three-drug regimens,15 21 22 28–30 38 while five studies prescribed both two- and three-drug regimens 3 9 27 31 32. One study provided different regimens according to the severity of the sexual assault 32.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the drug regimens included zidovudine. Two-drug regimens consisted of zidovudine and lamivudine,4 24 25 34 36 37 39 except for one in which zalcitabine was given with zidovudine 7. The three-drug regimens consisted of single drugs including zidovudine, lamivudine and nelfinavir, indinavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, nevirapine or efiravenz; two studies offered Truvada (emtricitabine/tenofovir) with Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) 21 29.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adherence to HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in victims of sexual assault: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2012

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ObjectiveTo assess adherence to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for the prevention of HIV infection in victims of sexual assault.MethodsThe authors carried out a systematic review, random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression of studies reporting adherence to PEP among victims of sexual violence. Seven electronic databases were searched. Our primary outcome was adherence; secondary outcomes included defaulting, refusal and side effects.Results2159 titles were screened, and 24 studies matching the inclusion criteria were taken through to analysis. The overall proportion of patients adhering to PEP (23 cohort studies, 2166 patients) was 40.3% (95% CI 32.5% to 48.1%), and the overall proportion of patients defaulting from care (18 cohorts, 1972 patients) was 41.2% (95% CI 31.1% to 51.4%). Adherence appeared to be higher in developing countries compared with developed countries.ConclusionsAdherence to PEP is poor in all settings. Interventions are needed to support adherence.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Adherence to HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in victims of sexual assault: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2012

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Preventing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Sexual Assault Survivors in Cape Town, South Africa: An Observational Study

et al. 2011

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We describe 131 South African sexual assault survivors offered HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). While the median days completed was 27 (IQR 27, 28), 34% stopped PEP or missed doses. Controlling for baseline symptoms, PEP was not associated with symptoms (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 0.66, 2.64). Factors associated with unprotected sex included prior unprotected sex (OR = 6.46, 95% CI = 3.04, 13.74), time since the assault (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.12, 1.57) and age (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.08, 1.57). Trauma counseling was protective (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.58). Four instances of seroconversion were observed by 6 months (risk = 3.7%, 95% CI = 1.0, 9.1). Proactive follow-up is necessary to increase the likelihood of PEP completion and address the mental health and HIV risk needs of survivors. Adherence interventions and targeted risk reduction counseling should be provided to minimize HIV acquisition.

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South African Sexual Assault Survivors' Experiences of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis and Individualized Nursing Care: A Qualitative Study

Arend¹,

Maw²,

Swardt³

et al. 2013

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care

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South African sexual assault survivors face the risk of potential HIV exposure, but relatively little is known about their experiences of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and post-sexual assault care. Researchers conducted 10 semi-structured interviews with sexual assault survivors who had participated in an initial quantitative study of a post-sexual assault intervention that administered PEP and provided proactive individualized follow-up care. The qualitative study examined survivors’ experiences of PEP and their participation in the initial observational study itself. Participants demonstrated a range of emotional reactions to PEP, while almost all equated their study experiences to positive interactions with the study nurses who administered PEP and provided informal psychosocial support. The results highlight important opportunities for nurses to enhance the quality of post-sexual assault care in order to improve patients’ emotional and psychosocial outcomes and potentially increase the likelihood of survivor PEP adherence.

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Characteristics, Treatment, and Antiretroviral Prophylaxis Adherence of South African Rape Survivors

Abstract: Postrape care is an important service provided to South African women, and strategies should be developed to improve adherence to antiretroviral prophylaxis and follow-up testing.

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Adherence to HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in victims of sexual assault: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Adherence to HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in victims of sexual assault: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Preventing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Sexual Assault Survivors in Cape Town, South Africa: An Observational Study

South African Sexual Assault Survivors' Experiences of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis and Individualized Nursing Care: A Qualitative Study

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