Characterization and application of ceramic membranes prepared from Algerian kaolin

Abstract

In this study, a new ceramic membrane type was used for the filtration of colored water. The membrane was prepared from local Algerian kaolin KT2 of Milia-type. The choice of this raw material was dictated by its natural abundance, to form the macroporous support prepared by the slip casting technique. A functional thin film layer (with a pore size of about 0.2 μm) produced by the sol-gel method was deposited on the support to reduce the porosity. A detailed study was conducted because of the importance of this layer and the improvement which brought to the filtration process. Ceramic membranes were tested for the removal of bromophenol red (BR) under a filtration pressure of 3 bar and a duration of 2 h of treatment. The results revealed a rejection rate of 100% for BR, especially after the addition of the inorganic layer. The material was characterized by DTA, TGA, XRD and SEM. The retention and the permeability of BR were also studied.

Superhydrophobic ceramic hollow fibre membranes for trapping carbon dioxide from natural gas via the membrane contactor system

“…The main materials used to prepare ceramic membranes are metal oxides such as alumina, zirconia, silica, and so on, which have main negative aspects, due to its high melting point (2050 °C) and high thermal coe cient, the manufacture of wide pores hollow ber assistance for ux ampli cation is much more complicated with alumina, besides, these materials are very expensive, one kg for alumina almost $250 [14]. The alternative solution to using these materials used materials has low-price and the same properties such as dolomite [15], y ash [16], kaolin [17,18], apatite powder [19].…”

Transmembrane Pressure Modeling for Optimal Integrated Membrane System Performance

“…Since the integrated membrane system is defined as the pressuredriven membrane process, therefore the permeate flux is directly dependent on the transmembrane pressure during the oil-water separation [25], [26]. The transmembrane pressure was reported to be the main parameter that predicts the performance of an integrated membrane feed stream [7], [27]- [29]. It was reported that the transmembrane pressure must be greater than the differential osmotic pressure in the entire membrane feed stream for oil/water filtration to take place [8], [11].…”

“…The increase in the membrane resistance is an early indicator of the ceramic integrated membrane system fouling, which will eventually cause the pores blockages and decline in the permeate [27], [28], [31]. Since the integrated membrane feed stream is prone to membrane fouling during the oilwater separation, therefore to minimize the membrane fouling effects in the integrated membrane system the maximum transmembrane pressure should be investigated [11], [22], [29]. The membrane fouling in the integrated membrane feed stream remains a leading challenge that hampers the performance of the membrane by causing a decrease in permeate flux and the rejection ratios during oil-water separation [32]- [34].…”

Preparation and Application in Crude Oil-Water Separation of Clay-Based Membranes

“…In particular, the Brazilian northeast has many deposits of clays that show great potential in several applications for ceramic industry, especially in ceramic membrane manufacturing [15][16][17][18] . Therefore, the sintering of clay-based compositions leads to the formation of important crystalline phases that have great influence on physical and mechanical properties of ceramic pieces.…”