Characterization and biodegradation of water-soluble biomarkers and organic carbon extracted from low temperature chars

Norwood, Matthew J.; Louchouarn, Patrick; Kuo, Lih; Harvey, Omar R.

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2012.12.008

Cited by 112 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…However, pyrogenic carbon (PyC, also known as black carbon) is produced during the thermal decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen (O) (i.e., pyrolysis) and may represent an important carbon (C) pool in fire-affected forests [3][4][5]. PyC is composed of a labile and soluble component, and an aromatic component [6]. Thus, PyC inputs to soils from forest fires have the potential to influence overall soil respiration rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Material and Concentration of Wildfire-Produced Pyrogenic Carbon Influence Post-Fire Soil Nutrient Dynamics

Michelotti

Miesel

2015

Forests

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Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is produced by the thermal decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen (O). PyC affects nutrient availability, may enhance post-fire nitrogen (N) mineralization rates, and can be a significant carbon (C) pool in fire-prone ecosystems. Our objectives were to characterize PyC produced by wildfires and examine the influence that contrasting types of PyC have on C and N mineralization rates. We determined C, N, O, and hydrogen (H) concentrations and atomic ratios of charred bark (BK), charred pine cones (PC), and charred woody debris (WD) using elemental analysis. We also incubated soil amended with BK, PC, and WD at two concentrations for 60 days to measure C and N mineralization rates. PC had greater H/C and O/C ratios than BK and WD, suggesting that PC may have a lesser aromatic component than BK and WD. C and N mineralization rates decreased with increasing PyC concentrations, and control samples produced more CO2 than soils amended with PyC. Soils with PC produced greater CO2 and had lower N mineralization rates than soils with BK or WD. These results demonstrate that PyC type and concentration have potential to impact nutrient dynamics and C flux to the atmosphere in post-fire forest soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Material and Concentration of Wildfire-Produced Pyrogenic Carbon Influence Post-Fire Soil Nutrient Dynamics

Michelotti

Miesel

2015

Forests

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“…The relative abundances of BPCAs produced during the oxidation step also provide qualitative BC structural information, because the more substituted BPCAs are derived from a more condensed aromatic BC network (Glaser et al, 1998;Ziolkowski et al, 2011;Coppola et al, 2013). The BPCA method characterizes only aromatic carbon as BC (Masiello and Louchouarn, 2013;Norwood et al, 2013;Myers-Pigg et al, 2015).…”

Section: Total Bc and Bc In Solid Phase Extracted Doc (Spe-bc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid phase extraction method for the study of black carbon cycling in dissolved organic carbon using radiocarbon

2015

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oRadiocarbon analysis is a powerful tool for understanding the cycling of individual components within carbon pools, such as black carbon (BC) in dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Radiocarbon (Δ 14 C) measurements of BC in DOC provide insight into one source of aged, recalcitrant DOC. We report a modified solid phase extraction (SPE) method to concentrate 43 ± 6% of DOC (SPE-DOC) from seawater. We used the Benzene Polycarboxylic Acid (BPCA) method to isolate BC from SPE-DOC (SPE-BC) for subsequent 14 C analysis. We report SPE-BC Δ 14 C values, SPE-BC concentrations, and the relative BPCA distributions from Milli-Q water process blanks, two riverine reference standards, as well as a coastal and an open ocean surface water sample. The composition of BC is less aromatic in the ocean samples than those in the river standards. We find higher BC Δ 14 C values in the river standards (+148 to −462‰) than BC in the ocean samples (−592 to −712‰), suggesting that BC ages within oceanic DOC. We report that BC is 4.2 ± 1.0% of SPE-DOC in the open ocean surface sample, or 1.4 ± 0.1 μM C. This work provides the methodological basis by which global BC concentrations, compositions (e.g. relative abundances of BPCA marker compounds) and Δ 14C values can be assessed.

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“…Kuo et al, 2008aKuo et al, ,b, 2011aKeiluweit et al, 2010; Figure 1). At low-temperatures (150-300 • C), macropolymer dehydration and fragmentation leads to the release of free monomers and oligomers rich in −OH and −COOH functionalities (Kuo et al, 2008a(Kuo et al, ,b, 2011aKeiluweit et al, 2010;Harvey et al, 2012;Norwood et al, 2013). At these temperatures, the formation of anhydrosugars (levoglucosan and its isomers, mannosan, and galactosan) is prevalent (Kuo et al, 2008a; Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flux of Dissolved and Particulate Low-Temperature Pyrogenic Carbon from Two High-Latitude Rivers across the Spring Freshet Hydrograph

2017

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Characterization and biodegradation of water-soluble biomarkers and organic carbon extracted from low temperature chars

Cited by 112 publications

References 59 publications

Source Material and Concentration of Wildfire-Produced Pyrogenic Carbon Influence Post-Fire Soil Nutrient Dynamics

Source Material and Concentration of Wildfire-Produced Pyrogenic Carbon Influence Post-Fire Soil Nutrient Dynamics

Solid phase extraction method for the study of black carbon cycling in dissolved organic carbon using radiocarbon

Flux of Dissolved and Particulate Low-Temperature Pyrogenic Carbon from Two High-Latitude Rivers across the Spring Freshet Hydrograph

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