Characterization and cell material interactions of PEGylated PNIPAAM nanoparticles

Thrombotic Inception at Nano-Scale

“…In case of ACS patients, if nanoparticles activate platelets then they may induce life threatening alarm. Till now there are a number of papers (Geys et al, 2008;Deb et al, 2007Deb et al, ,2011Wiwanitkit et al, 2009;Radomski et al, 2005;Shrivastava et al, 2009;Koziara et al, 2005;Mayer et al, 2009;Li et al, 2009;Ramtoola et al, 2010;McGuinnes et al, 2010;Nemmar et al, 2003;Gulati et al, 2010;Cejas et al, 2007;Wilson et al, 2010;Rückerl et al, 2007) about the effect of nanoparticles on platelets (Table. 2.) where most of the citations show that nanoparticles can induce platelet aggregation.…”

“…where most of the citations show that nanoparticles can induce platelet aggregation. What makes a nanoparticle pro-aggregarory (Geys et al, 2008;Oberdörster et al, 2007;Deb et al, 2007Deb et al, ,2011Wiwanitkit et al, 2009;Radomski et al, 2005;Mayer et al, 2009;McGuinnes et al, 2010;Nemmar et al, 2003;Cejas et al, 2007;Wilson et al, 2010;Rückerl et al, 2007;Miller et al, 2009), inert (Li et al, 2009;Ramtoola et al, 2010;Gulati et al, 2010) or even anti-platelet in nature (Shrivastava et al, 2009;Koziara et al, 2005;Miller et al, 2009) is of great importance in development of ACS based nano-drugs, risk assessment in ACS , and also in evaluating resistance to ACS related drugs Jogns et al, 2006;Michelson et al, 2006). …”

“…Most of the metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles, aerosol and polymer nanoparticles induce platelet aggregation (Mayer et al, 2009;McGuinnes et al, 2011). A few nanoparticles remain inert for platelet or induce antiplatelet effect (Li et al, 2009;Ramtoola et al, 2010;Gulati et al, 2010). Interestingly in case of some polymer nanoparticles, surface conjugation induces varying response to platelets (McGuinnes et al 2010).…”

“…Though most of the nano induced response is pro-aggregatory in nature, a few reports Mention inert nature of some nanoparticles (Li et al, 2009;Ramtoola et al, 2010;Gulati et al, 2010). As most of the nano-particles induce platelet aggregation, so it can be said the aggregatory nature of nano surface depends on its diameter rather than its component material.…”

Blood protein and blood cell interactions with gold nanoparticles: the need for in vivo studies

“…Both Lin et al and Zhou et al show that hemolytic tendencies of MSNs can be reduced by coating the surface of the NPs with PEG [40,49]. Again, surface PEGylation has been shown to prevent hemolysis for a variety of NPs [44], PNIPAAM [50], chitosan/polyglutamic acid spheres [41], Cetyl Alcohol/Polysorbate [51], and poly(amidoamine) dendrimer [48]. Thus, PEGylation not only reduces opsonization of NPs including GNPs, but also reduces their hemolytic tendencies.…”