Characterization and classification of strains of Francisella tularensis isolated in the central Asian focus of the Soviet Union and in Japan

Sandström, Gunnar; Sjöstedt, Anders; Forsman, Mats; Nv, Pavlovich; Мишанькин, Б Н

doi:10.1128/jcm.30.1.172-175.1992

Cited by 77 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…novicida is isolated primarily from water and is not commonly linked to human disease while the F. tularensis subsp. mediaasiatica has been isolated only from limited geographic areas in the Soviet Union and Central Asia [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome diversity among regional populations of Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis and Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica isolated from the US

Samrakandi

Zhang

et al. 2004

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Francisella tularensis is a highly infectious facultative intracellular pathogen that is considered a potential agent of bioterrorism. Four different F. tularensis subspecies have been identified and they appear to display different ecological and virulence characteristics as well as differences in geographical distribution. One simple explanation for the variation in ecological and virulence characteristics is that they are conferred by differences in genome content. To characterize genome content among stains isolated from United States, we have used a DNA microarray designed from a shotgun library of a reference strain. Polymorphisms distributed among polyphyletic sets of strains was the most common pattern of genome alteration observed, indicating that strain-specific genome variability is significant. Nonetheless, 13 different contiguous segments of the genome were found to be missing exclusively in each of the subsp. holarctica strains tested. All 13 are associated with repeat sequences or transposases that could promote insertion/deletion events. Comparison of the live vaccine strain to other holarctica strains also identified three regions that are absent exclusively in the live vaccine strain derived from holarctica.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome diversity among regional populations of Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis and Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica isolated from the US

Samrakandi

Zhang

et al. 2004

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…holarctica (type B)-cause disease in humans. Although these organisms differ in geographic distribution, virulence, biochemical characteristics, and growth requirements, their genomes are nearly identical [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Francisella novicida inhibits spontaneous apoptosis and extends human neutrophil lifespan

Kinkead

Fayram

Allen

2017

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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is a Gram-negative bacterium that is closely related to the highly virulent facultative intracellular pathogen, Data published by us and others demonstrate that virulence correlates directly with its ability to impair constitutive apoptosis and extend human neutrophil lifespan. In contrast, is attenuated in humans, and the mechanisms that account for this are incompletely defined. Our published data demonstrate that binds natural IgG that is present in normal human serum, which in turn, elicits NADPH oxidase activation that does not occur in response to As it is established that phagocytosis and oxidant production markedly accelerate neutrophil death, we predicted that may influence the neutrophil lifespan in an opsonin-dependent manner. To test this hypothesis, we quantified bacterial uptake, phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, and changes in nuclear morphology, as well as the kinetics of procaspase-3, -8, and -9 processing and activation. To our surprise, we discovered that not only failed to accelerate neutrophil death but also diminished and delayed apoptosis in a dose-dependent, but opsonin-independent, manner. In keeping with this, studies of conditioned media (CM) showed that neutrophil longevity could be uncoupled from phagocytosis and that stimulated neutrophil secretion of CXCL8. Taken together, the results of this study reveal shared and unique aspects of the mechanisms used by species to manipulate neutrophil lifespan and as such, advance understanding of cell death regulation during infection.

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“…In addition two other biovars, F. t. biovar palaearctica subvar japonica and F. t. biovar mediaasiatica have been proposed by OLSUFJEV (1970). Recently, it was suggested that the latter two biovars should be classified as type A (SANDSTROM et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antigenic difference between the types has not been demonstrated (CARLISLE et al, 1962), and accordingly, no antigen based method to discriminate between types is available. Instead, classification of strains within the species is based on biochemical characterization and virulence tests (MARCHETTE and NICHOLES, 1961;SANDSTROM et al, 1992). Type A and B can be differentiated by the ability of the former to ferment glycerol and its possession of the enzyme citrulline ureidase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Classification of Different Isolates of Francisella tularensis

Mörner¹,

Mattsson²,

Forsman³

et al. 1993

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Summary The causative agent of tularemia, Francisella tularensis, occurs in two main biovars, the highly virulent F. t. biovar tularensis, found in North America; and the less virulent biovar palaearctica, found all over the northern hemisphere. Two other biovars have been proposed, F. t. biovar mediaasiatica and F. t. biovar palaearctica var. japonica. In Sweden tularemia is most frequently observed in man and varying hares (Lepus timidus), and occasionally in other species. Tularemia in hares is normally an acute fatal disease, although less fatal infections have been reported. The diagnosis of tularemia is routinely based on immunological reactions. We studied 10 different isolates of F. tularensis from varying hares, one isolate from an Ural owl (Strix uralensis), one vaccine strain, one strain of F. t. biovar japonica, and six isolates from a virulence study of F. tularensis, by biochemical tests and by hybridization experiments with probes complementary to 16S rRNA. All isolates, except the isolate F. t. biovar japonica, were characterized as F. t. biovar palaearctica by biochemical tests. In the 16S rRNA analysis all isolates were positive to the probe for Francisella tularensis and the probe for F. t. biovar palaearctica with the exception that F. t. biovar japonica reacted with the probe specific to F. t. biovar tularensis. To further confirm that the strains used belonged to F. t. biovar palaearctica virulence tests in rabbits were performed which disclosed this phenotype. The results presented in this work show that the isolated strains from the western part of Europe were F. t. biovar palaearctica, irrespective of animal origin or virulence.

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Characterization and classification of strains of Francisella tularensis isolated in the central Asian focus of the Soviet Union and in Japan

Cited by 77 publications

References 17 publications

Genome diversity among regional populations of Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis and Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica isolated from the US

Genome diversity among regional populations of Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis and Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica isolated from the US

Francisella novicida inhibits spontaneous apoptosis and extends human neutrophil lifespan

Identification and Classification of Different Isolates of Francisella tularensis

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