Characterization and coagulation performance of a novel inorganic polymer coagulant—Poly-zinc-silicate-sulfate

Effect of silicon dose on preparation and coagulation performance of poly-ferric-aluminum-silicate-sulfate from oil shale ash

“…1 presents the FT-IR spectra of PFASS synthesized at respective (Al + Fe)/Si molar ratio 14/1 to 4/1. Both spectra exhibit two characteristics bonds at 3500-3300 and 1641-1638 cm −1 , which can be attributed to the stretching vibration of -OH and to the bending vibration of water absorbed, polymerized and crystallized in the coagulant [10,22]. Furthermore, the peaks at 2361-2365 cm −1 is due to carbon dioxide in air [23].…”

“…They contain hydrolytic and polymeric species, which make hydroxide precipitate slowly upon dilution and allow the polymeric species to be maintained for a longer duration. Moreover, IPC generally carries high positive charge to be neutralized by negative charge of the colloidal particles in water and wastewater [10]. Therefore, the performances of IPC are better than that of the conventional coagulants due to their charge neutralization capacities.…”

“…The main aim of this is increasing the molecular size and enhancing the bridge-aggregating ability of the coagulant, even as increasing their stability and durability [11,12]. Until now, many new IPC have been prepared and their coagulation performances have been improved, such as poly-silicate-ferric (PSiF), poly-zinc-silicate-sulfate (PZSiS), poly-ferric silicate sulfate (PFSiS), poly-ferric aluminum chloride (PFAC) [10,[12][13][14].…”

Effect of Aluminium Sulphate Aging on Coagulation Process for the Prut River Water Treatment

“…Coagulation is a common process in water treatment for destabilizing dissolved and colloid impurities and for transforming small particles into larger aggregates (fl ocs) which can be removed from the water in subsequent clarifi cation/fi ltration processes [2][3][4].…”

“…Therefore, when the river or reservoir water is intended for human consumption, an appropriate treatment process is usually considered as necessary to meet the respective drinking water standards. One of the most important steps during the conventional treatment process is coagulation/fl occulation [1].Coagulation is a common process in water treatment for destabilizing dissolved and colloid impurities and for transforming small particles into larger aggregates (fl ocs) which can be removed from the water in subsequent clarifi cation/fi ltration processes [2][3][4].The coagulation process consists of three sequential steps: coagulant formation, colloid/particle destabilisation, and particle aggregation. Coagulant formation and colloid/particle destabilisation are promoted in a rapid-mixing stage where treatment chemicals are added and dispersed throughout the water to be treated.…”