Characterization and differentiation of high energy cyclic organic peroxides by GC/FT-IR, GC-MS, FT-IR, and Raman microscopy

Pena, Alvaro J.; Pacheco‐Londoño, Leonardo C.; Figueroa, Javier; Rivera-Montalvo, Luis A.; Román-Velázquez, F.; Hernández‐Rivera, Samuel P.

doi:10.1117/12.604194

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…These were assigned to species with terminal hydroperoxy groups. In the 13 C NMR spectrum of the sample of the 1:1 HP:acetone, the resonance associated with the methyl groups of 2-hydroxy-2-hydroperoxypropane (I) and the 2,2-dihydroperoxypropane (II) were observed at 20 and 24 ppm, respectively, as well as in the carbonyl region at 102 and 109, respectively. With daily monitoring, new 13 C resonances were observed in the methyl region: four between 20-21 ppm and three between 24-25 ppm.…”

Section: Assignments Of Intermediates From Nmr and Gc/ms Are Given Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neither tetrachloro-DADP nor hexachloro-TATP was observed, suggesting their formation may be sterically hindered. Interestingly, no incorporation of 1,1 dichloroacetone nor monochloroacetone was observed ( 1 H, 13 C, GC/MS) even in the presence of acid (Table 3). Nevertheless, the observation of dichloro-substituted TATP indicates ring opening and re-closing does occur.…”

Section: Acetone Exchange In Tatpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 to 3, Table 4 Table 4). The effect of temperature has been discussed by others without agreement [8,11,13]. Generally, TATP is favored at lower temperatures, but the effect of temperature can be manipulated by other factors such as solvent.…”

Section: Effect Of Solvent and Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Final products were analyzed by GC/MS, GC/uECD, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR. Anhydrous hydrogen peroxide was prepared by dissolving 20 g of L-serine in 20 mL 65 wt% hydrogen peroxide and following procedure given in reference 6.…”

Section: Reagents and Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Influencing Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) and Diacetone Diperoxide (DADP) Formation: Part 2

Oxley

Smith

Steinkamp

et al. 2013

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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A comprehensive mechanistic study regarding acetone peroxides reveals that water has a profound effect on the formation of the solid cyclic peroxides, TATP and DADP. The identification and rate of occurrence of reaction intermediates as well as compositions of the final products offer explanation for previously reported results indicating that acid type and hydrogen peroxide concentration affect the acid catalyzed reaction between acetone and hydrogen peroxide. A kinetics study of the decomposition of TATP revealed the effects of water and alcohols. They generally retard conversion of TATP to DADP and leads complete decomposition of TATP by acid. A mechanism is proposed for the production of TATP and DADP.

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Section: Assignments Of Intermediates From Nmr and Gc/ms Are Given Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acetone Exchange In Tatpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Solvent and Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reagents and Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Factors Influencing Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) and Diacetone Diperoxide (DADP) Formation: Part 2

Oxley

Smith

Steinkamp

et al. 2013

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…The synthesis of the peroxides was following the general preparation of cyclic peroxides [9][10][11], with the specific ketone and hydrogen peroxide in a 1:1 molar ratio (2 mL ketone mixed with 2 mL H 2 O 2 ) in a cold system catalyzed by a strong acid (HCl, H 2 SO 4 or HCH 3 SO 3 ). The ketones and aldehyde were cooled to between 0°C and -5°C with acid, in pure form and in dichloromethane solution.…”

Section: Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of peroxide-based explosives by thermal analysis

Ramírez

Pacheco‐Londoño

Pena

et al. 2006

Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C3I) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland Defense V

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Peroxide-based explosives have become of increased interest mainly because they are easily prepared and are not detected by traditional detection devices. The thermal behavior of triacetone triperoxide (TATP), a cyclic peroxide explosive was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). Dynamic and isothermal methods were used to characterize the sublimation process and to measure the vapor pressure at a temperature range under exothermic decomposition. The enthalpy of sublimation and kinetic parameters were estimated from direct mass loss rate measurements. Melting point, decomposition temperature and enthalpies of transitions were determined and compared to other known materials. The values were also compared to other recently reported values. The results of this study will help in the development of standoff detection technologies for improvised explosive devices using peroxide based materials.

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Homeland Security

Crawford

Hill

2012

Mass Spectrometry Handbook

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Characterization and differentiation of high energy cyclic organic peroxides by GC/FT-IR, GC-MS, FT-IR, and Raman microscopy

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Factors Influencing Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) and Diacetone Diperoxide (DADP) Formation: Part 2

Factors Influencing Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) and Diacetone Diperoxide (DADP) Formation: Part 2

Characterization of peroxide-based explosives by thermal analysis

Homeland Security

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