Characterization and differentiation of sheep's milk from Greek breeds based on physicochemical parameters, fatty acid composition and volatile profile

The chemical composition and properties of seed oils have attracted researchers nowadays. By this meaning, the physicochemical and bioactivity profile of prickly pear seed oil (PPSO) (a product of prickly pear fruits waste) were investigated. Seeds of shelf-grown cactus fruits (Opuntia ficus indica L.) were subjected to analysis. Moisture content (gravimetric analysis), seed content (gravimetric analysis), oil yield (Soxhlet extraction/gravimetric analysis), volatile compounds (HS-SPME/GC-MS), fatty acids profile (GC-FID), in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), and total phenolic content (Folin-Cioacalteu assay) were determined. Results showed that prickly pear seeds had a moisture content of 6.0 ± 0.1 g/100 g, whereas the oil yield ranged between 5.4 ± 0.5 g/100 g. Furthermore, the PPSO had a rich aroma because of acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, hydrocarbons, ketones, and other compounds, with the major volatiles being 2-propenal, acetic acid, pentanal, 1-pentanol, hexanal, 2-hexenal, heptanal, 2-heptenal (Z), octanal, 2-octenal, nonanal, 2,4-decadienal (E,E), and trans-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal. Among the fatty acids, butyric, palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids were the dominant. Finally, the pure PPSO had a high in vitro antioxidant activity (84 ± 0.010%) and total phenolic content (551 ± 0.300 mg of gallic acid equivalents/L). PPSO may be then used as a beneficial by-product, in different food systems as a flavoring, antioxidant, and nutritional agent.

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“…The injection volume was 1 µL. A split ratio of 20:1 was used [14]. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate (n = 3).…”

Section: Determination Of Free Fatty Acids (Fas) Of Ppsomentioning

confidence: 99%

Prickly Pear Seed Oil by Shelf-Grown Cactus Fruits: Waste or Maste?

Karabagias

Gatzias

et al. 2020

Processes

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“…The FA composition was determined via transesterification into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) according to the method of Gatzias et al [7]. Briefly, the methyl esters were prepared by vigorous shaking of the lipid solution in heptane with a methanolic solution of KOH.…”

Section: Determination Of Fa Composition Using Gas Chromatography/flamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromatographic, spectroscopic, and molecular techniques have been used to determine the authenticity of dairy products, including gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) [7], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [8], liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) [9,10], Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) [11], near-infrared (NIR) spectrometry [12], inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP) [13], isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) [14], nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry [15,16], and molecular techniques [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical, Spectroscopic, and Chromatographic Analyses in Combination with Chemometrics for the Discrimination of the Geographical Origin of Greek Graviera Cheeses

Vatavali

Kosma

Louppis³

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Seventy-eight graviera cheese samples produced in five different regions of Greece were characterized and discriminated according to geographical origin. For the above purpose, pH, titratable acidity (TA), NaCl, proteins, fat on a dry weight basis, ash, fatty acid composition, volatile compounds, and minerals were determined. Both multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were applied to experimental data to achieve sample geographical discrimination. The results showed that the combination of fatty acid composition plus minerals provided a correct classification rate of 89.7%. The value for the combination of fatty acid compositions plus conventional quality parameters was 94.9% and for the combination of minerals plus conventional quality parameters was 97.4%. When cheeses of the above five geographical origins were combined with previously studied graviera cheeses from six other geographical origins collected during the same seasons in Greece, the respective values for the discrimination of geographical origin of all eleven origins were 89.3% for conventional quality parameters plus minerals; 94.0% for conventional quality parameters plus fatty acids; 94.1% for minerals plus fatty acids; and 95.2% for conventional quality parameters plus minerals plus fatty acids. Such high correct classification rates demonstrate the robustness of the developed statistical model.

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“…Sheep and goats are important sources of dairy and meat products, especially for consumers in Asian, African, Caribbean, European, Latin American, and Oceanic countries (Gatzias et al., 2018 ; Montossi et al., 2013 ; Vacca et al., 2018 ). In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies sheep and goats as minor food‐producing animal species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological parameter values for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in food‐producing animals. Part III: Sheep and goat

Wang

Elwell-Cuddy

Baynes

et al. 2020

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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This report is the third in a series of studies that aimed to compile physiological parameters related to develop physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models for drugs and environmental chemicals in food‐producing animals including swine and cattle (Part I), chickens and turkeys (Part II), and finally sheep and goats (the focus of this manuscript). Literature searches were conducted in multiple databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest), with data on relevant parameters including body weight, relative organ weight (% of body weight), cardiac output, relative organ blood flow (% of cardiac output), residual blood volume (% of organ weight), and hematocrit reviewed and statistically summarized. The mean and standard deviation of each parameter are presented in tables. Equations describing the growth curves of sheep and goats are presented in figures. When data are sufficient, parameter values are reported for different ages or production classes of sheep, including fetal sheep, lambs, and market‐age sheep (mature sheep). These data provide a reference database for developing standardized PBPK models to predict drug withdrawal intervals in sheep and goats, and also provide a basis for extrapolating PBPK models from major species such as cattle to minor species such as sheep and goats.

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Characterization and differentiation of sheep's milk from Greek breeds based on physicochemical parameters, fatty acid composition and volatile profile

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Prickly Pear Seed Oil by Shelf-Grown Cactus Fruits: Waste or Maste?

Prickly Pear Seed Oil by Shelf-Grown Cactus Fruits: Waste or Maste?

Physicochemical, Spectroscopic, and Chromatographic Analyses in Combination with Chemometrics for the Discrimination of the Geographical Origin of Greek Graviera Cheeses

Physiological parameter values for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in food‐producing animals. Part III: Sheep and goat

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