Characterization and Evaluation of the Bakken Petroleum System for CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery

Sorensen, James A.; Hawthorne, Steven B.; Kurz, Bethany A.; Braunberger, Jason R.; Liu, Guoxiang; Gorecki, Charles D.; Hamling, John A.; Smith, Steven A.; Steadman, Edward N.; Harju, John A.

doi:10.15530/urtec-2015-2169871

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The injection of gas to enhance hydrocarbon recovery has been widely used in many reservoirs (Syed 2012;Syed et al 2012Syed et al , 2019Syed et al , 2020c. Specifically, enhancing the hydrocarbon recovery through gas injection such as CO 2 , N 2 , hydrocarbon gas in tight/shale reservoirs is getting a lot of attention nowadays owing to its high volatility, low viscosity, and easier flow in low-permeable media (Sorensen et al 2015;Ren et al 2016). Out of these gases, CO 2 is a highly feasible option to recover hydrocarbon from unconventional reservoirs, which is proved through various laboratory measurements, field trials, and extensive numerical simulations.…”

Section: Miscible Gas Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconventional hydrocarbon resources: geological statistics, petrophysical characterization, and field development strategies

Muther

Qureshi

Syed

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Hydrocarbons exist in abundant quantity beneath the earth's surface. These hydrocarbons are generally classified as conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons depending upon their nature, geology, and exploitation procedure. Since the conventional hydrocarbons are under the depletion phase, the unconventional hydrocarbons have been a major candidate for current and future hydrocarbon production. Additionally, investment and research have increased significantly for its exploitation. Having the shift toward unconventional hydrocarbons, this study reviews in depth the technical aspects of unconventional hydrocarbons. This review brings together all the important aspects of unconventional reservoirs in single literature. This review at first highlights the worldwide unconventional hydrocarbon resources, their technical concept, distribution, and future supplies. A portion of this study also discusses the resources of progressive unconventional hydrocarbon candidates. Apart from this, this review also highlights the geological aspects of different unconventional hydrocarbon resources including tight, shale, and coalbed methane. The petrophysical behavior of such assists including the response to well logs and the discussion of improved correlation for petrophysical analysis is a significant part of this detailed study. The variation in geology and petrophysics of unconventional resources with conventional resources are also presented. In addition, the latest technologies for producing unconventional hydrocarbons ranging from fractured wells to different fluid injections are discussed in this study. In the end, the latest machine learning and optimization techniques have been discussed that aids in the optimized field development planning of unconventional reservoirs.

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Section: Miscible Gas Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconventional hydrocarbon resources: geological statistics, petrophysical characterization, and field development strategies

Muther

Qureshi

Syed

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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“…Furthermore, CO 2 injection (Sorensen et al, 2015) may create future legacy CO 2 emissions from reservoir leakage pathways. Comparison of observations during the current period of production decline can help map likely legacy emission trends, which will be overwhelmed by increased production when oil prices rise.…”

Section: Oil and Gas Production Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of observations during the current period of production decline can help map likely legacy emission trends, which will be overwhelmed by increased production when oil prices rise. Furthermore, CO 2 injection (Sorensen et al, 2015) may create future legacy CO 2 emissions from reservoir leakage pathways. Finally, flaring produces both CO and CO 2 emissions.…”

Section: Oil and Gas Production Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Order Carbon Spectral Imager: A Sensor Concept for Carbon Cycle Investigations

Hall

Leifer

Warren

et al. 2019

Earth and Space Science

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Despite their importance to climate change, significant current and future source uncertainties remain for the most important carbon greenhouse gases (GHGs) methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), particularly for the developing world. Mitigation by effective regulation and treaties requires accurate global GHG budgets, which only global‐scale (satellite) remote sensing can deliver. A high spatial and spectral resolution spectrometer is needed; herein, we present the design concept for a Multi‐Order Carbon Spectral Imager (MOCSI). MOCSI is designed for the global measurement of differential GHG column density and source fingerprinting from low Earth orbit. MOCSI includes three wavebands for CH4, CO2, and carbon monoxide (CO), whose altitude weighting functions emphasize the boundary layer, where the dominant GHG anthropogenic and natural sources are still unmixed and therefore most easily discerned against background levels. CO aids discrimination of megacity and fire GHG emissions from other sources and is also a precursor for ozone, which is also an important GHG. High spectral resolution ensures discrimination of target species from interferents, while high spatial resolution enhances sensitivity for discrete source identification and emission quantification. MOCSI is a compact, high‐throughput shortwave‐infrared pushbroom spectrometer that disperses multiple orders of a single grating onto a single focal plane array to minimize size, weight, and power of the instrument. MOCSI is specified to provide spatial and temporal resolution and sensitivity sufficient to address important global science questions related to megacity emissions, shifts in hydrocarbon production, and disaster response, as well as many others.

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“…CO 2 flooding and CO 2 huff-n-puff has become an important means of enhancing oil reservoir production due to the behaviors of CO 2 such solubility, miscibility, reducing viscosity, and suppling oil pressure after it contacts with crude oil (Habibi et al, 2017a;Habibi et al, 2017b). However, There is a big difference on the EOR mechanism of CO 2 between unconventional formation and conventional formation mainly caused by the difference of transport mechanisms (Sorensen et al, 2015;Lu et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2016a;Zhou et al, 2019;Song et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is concluded that diffusive mass transfer contributes CO 2 transported further into the matrix, which may become the dominating transfer mechanism as pressure approaches equilibrium, until CO 2 concentration equilibrium in oil phase is approached (Sorensen et al, 2015;Yu et al, 2015;Alfarge et al, 2018;Santiago and Kantzas, 2020). Thus, research on the diffusion of CO 2 in porous media has become a vital subject for investigating CO 2 -EOR mechanisms in unconventional reservoirs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 Mass Transfer and Oil Replacement Capacity in Fractured Shale Oil Reservoirs: From Laboratory to Field

Qiao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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CO2-based fracturing is widely introduced to stimulate shale oil reservoirs for its multiple advantages. However, the range of CO2 entering the matrix around fractures and CO2-oil replacement capacity between matrix and fractures cannot be fully explained. To address this issue, a radial constant volume diffusion experiment on shale cores was designed in this study, and the pressure drop curve history was matched through numerical model to determine the composition effective diffusion coefficient. A field-scale numerical model was established, in which a series of certain grids were used to explicitly characterize fracture and quantify the prosess of CO2 mass transfer and oil replacement. Based on the field-scale numerical model, the process of shut-in, flow back, and oil production was simulated. The distribution of CO2 in fractured shale oil formation and its impact on crude oil during shut-in stage and flow back stage were investigated. This study concludes that CO2 gradually exchanges the oil in matrix into fractures and improve the fluidity of oil in matrix until the component concentrations of the whole reservoir reaches equilibrium during the shut-in process. Finally, about 30∼35 mole % of CO2 in fractures exchanges for oil in matrix. The range of CO2 entering the matrix around fractures is only 1.5 m, and oil in matrix beyond this distance will not be affected by CO2. During the process of flow back and production, the CO2 in fracture flows back quickly, but the CO2 in matrix is keeping dissolved in oil and will not be quickly produced. It is conclued that the longest possible shut-in time is conducive to making full use of the CO2-EOR mechanism in fractured shale oil reservoirs. However, due to the pursuit of economic value, a shut-in time of 10 days is the more suitable choice. This work can provide a better understanding of CO2 mass transfer mechanism in fractured shale oil reservoirs. It also provides a reference for the evaluation of the shut-in time and production management after CO2 fracturing.

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Characterization and Evaluation of the Bakken Petroleum System for CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Unconventional hydrocarbon resources: geological statistics, petrophysical characterization, and field development strategies

Unconventional hydrocarbon resources: geological statistics, petrophysical characterization, and field development strategies

Multi‐Order Carbon Spectral Imager: A Sensor Concept for Carbon Cycle Investigations

CO2 Mass Transfer and Oil Replacement Capacity in Fractured Shale Oil Reservoirs: From Laboratory to Field

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