Highlights Not everything has been said about the mechanism of action of melittin Melittin has the ability to penetrate the zwitterionic lipid membranes under the right conditions The existence of defects in a membrane favors the penetration of melittin The penetration of melittin favors the increase of membrane defects ABSTRACT Melittin (ML) is a small peptide of 26 residues rich in arginine (Arg) and lysine (Lys). Several studies have been done to understand the mechanism of interaction with neutral and negatively charged lipids. However, it is not known with certainty how this interaction depends on the electrostatic or hydrophobic forces according to the composition of the membrane, nor with the different organization of lipids on the membrane, such as the microdomains that could take place in it. Therefore, comparative studies of the interaction and the effect of ML with respect to cationic peptides (Arg-7 and Lys-5) were conducted to get a deeper insight of the ML interaction mechanism with membranes. In this regard, measurements of zeta potential of different model membranes (DOPC, DMPC and DMPE liposomes) in the presence of the peptides, and molecular dynamics simulations were