Characterization and macrophages immunomodulatory activity of two water-soluble polysaccharides from Abrus cantoniensis

Abstract

The study aims to elucidate the physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory activity of two polysaccharides (ACPt0 and ACPt2) from Abrus cantoniensis. Results revealed that ACPt0 with a molecular weight of 26.0 kDa, was mainly composed of glucose (83.1%) and galactose (6.1%), and that ACPt2 with a molecular weight of 145.6/8.9 kDa, consisted of galactose (25.6%), galacturonic acid (22.2%), arabinos (16.6%) and galactose (11.0%) respectively. AFM and Congo red experiments suggested that ACPt0 and ACPt2 might be spherical particles with triple-helix conformation in aqueous solution. ACPt0 and ACPt2 exhibited immunomodulatory activity by promoting the proliferation, augmenting pinocytic and phagocytic capacities, releasing immunoactive molecules such as ROS, NO, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, upregulation of the mRNA levels of corresponding cytokines in macrophages. Moreover, ACPt0 and ACPt2 were recognized by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and exerted immunomodulatory effects via activating Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and serine/threonine kinase (Akt) signaling pathways in macrophages. Notably, ACPt2 had higher immunomodulatory activity than ACPt0. Based on the present findings, ACPt0 and ACPt2 could be explored as an active component of immunomodulators in the food and pharmaceutical fields.

Dietary Artemisia Ordosica Polysaccharide Enhances Spleen and Intestinal Immune Response of Broiler Chickens

“…TLR4 has been identified to be an important membrane receptor for mediating the effects of plant polysaccharides on the activation of immune cells [43,44]. Many studies have shown that plant polysaccharides can activate the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways through TLR4 receptors, and promote the release of related cytokines, and exert their immunoregulatory functions [45][46][47]. Yang et al (2020) found that Artemisia polysaccharides can activate the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways mediated by TLR4/TLR2 and significantly improve the immunomodulatory activity of immune cells [41].…”

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of a Crude Polysaccharide Derived from Green Seaweed Halimeda tuna: Computational and Experimental Evidences

“…Interestingly, this extract significantly increased the viability of RAW 264.7 cells, reaching 181% at a concentration of 15.6 µg/mL (Figure 5A). Thus, compounds activating macrophages promise to improve the host immune system ability [62][63][64][65].…”

“…Interestingly, this extract significantly increased the viability of RAW 264.7 cells, reaching 181% at a concentration of 15.6 µg/mL (Figure 5A). Thus, compounds activating macrophages promise to improve the host immune system ability [62][63][64][65]. A previous study reported that natural polysaccharides (LDP-1) extracted from the fruiting bodies of a rare wild Lactarius delicious with a molecular weight of 9.8 × 10 5 Da are…”