Characterization and optimization of a printed, primary silver–zinc battery

Braam, Kyle; Volkman, Steven K.; Subramanian, Vivek

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.09.076

Cited by 108 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…First it was Volta who introduced zinc‐silver oxide cell to the science and technology of electrochemistry at the beginning of the nineteenth century. But it was not till the fifth decade of the twentieth century when that alkaline system of zinc‐silver oxide was officially applied in primary and secondary batteries . From then on, the technology of producing zinc‐silver oxide batteries has grown vastly which has made the way to its applications in several industrial, military, and aerospace domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the effect of compositing silver oxide nanoparticles by carbon on the ‎electrochemical behavior and electronic properties of zinc‐silver oxide batteries ‎

Sabzi

Dezfuli

2018

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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In this study, the effect of compositing silver oxide nanoparticles by carbon on the electrochemical behavior and electronic properties of zinc‐silver oxide batteries have been investigated. For this purpose, firstly four silver oxide electrodes containing 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% carbon powder were produced by powder metallurgy method. For the next step, all four silver oxide electrodes were sintered at 500°C for 10 minutes. Afterward and in order to investigate the microstructure, phase and elemental analysis of the electrodes were carried out using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X‐ray Diffraction (XRD), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Moreover, in order to investigate the effect of compositing silver oxide nanoparticles by carbon on the electrochemical behavior and electronic properties of zinc‐silver oxide, electrochemical tests (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and electric discharge test in 1.4 wt%KOH electrolyte were carried out respectively. The microstructural observations revealed that increasing carbon content in the silver oxide electrodes results in increasing the apparent porosities in these electrodes. Investigating the phase and elemental analysis results showed that by increasing the content of carbon in the silver oxide electrode, the amount of Ag2O and AgO phases in this electrode reduces and also the extent of pure silver formation increases. Investigations on the results of electrochemical tests showed that increasing carbon content results in the reduction of corrosion resistance in silver oxide electrodes. Moreover, the results of electric discharge test revealed that the silver oxide electrode containing 10wt% carbon yields the highest energy efficiency in the zinc‐silver oxide batteries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the effect of compositing silver oxide nanoparticles by carbon on the ‎electrochemical behavior and electronic properties of zinc‐silver oxide batteries ‎

Sabzi

Dezfuli

2018

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…Among varied type of electrolyte, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) added KOH was used in this research because of its outstanding ionic conductivity, mechanical properties, and holding the electrolyte under deformations. In addition, considering the explosion problem of wearable devices, which involve direct contact with human skin, our present aqueous battery consists of a silver cathode, zinc anode, and water‐based electrolyte, which are nonflammable and nonexplosive . Consequently, our Ag–Zn wet spun fiber battery with micro‐sized diameter, easy fabrication process, and aqueous electrolyte showed an areal capacity of 0.063 mAh/cm 2 and maintain electrochemical performance under bending deformations, which enables its application as an energy source for portable, wearable, and micro‐sized electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabricating a Continuous Fiber Silver‐Zinc Battery with Micro‐Sized Diameter

Lee

Kim

2018

ChemElectroChem

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Yarn‐ or fiber‐structured batteries have been studied steadily due to their huge advantages such as light weight, small size and flexibility. Although some fiber structured batteries were reported, large size and complicated fabrication process still remain to be major challenges in developing practical battery systems. In order to address these problems, we fabricated a micro‐sized and continuous Ag−Zn fiber battery using wet spinning and electrodeposition. This simple and easy process enables to obtain MWNT fiber electrodes with a length of more than 30 cm and a diameter of about 80 μm. Silver and zinc were deposited and formed nano‐porous structures on the as‐prepared wet spun fiber electrodes. Consequently, the Ag−Zn aqueous fiber battery showed an areal capacity of 0.063 mAh/cm2. Our fiber structured battery could be applicable as energy source of portable, wearable, and micro‐sized electronics.

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“…This system is formed by electroplating zinc from a ZnO solution, but is limited by the challenge of dissolving ZnO in the alkaline electrolyte. In order to avoid this issue, there has been the development of an alkaline gel electrolyte to form a planar printed primary 2D silver-zinc battery to obtain an area energy density of 4.1 ± 0.3 mWh cm À2 [11]. A recently developed flexible zinc-air battery has been produced by screen-printing a zinc/carbon/ polymer composite anode, and a vapour polymerised PEDOT cathode onto two sides of a photo quality paper [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%