Characterization and optimization of microelectrode arrays for in vivo nerve signal recording and stimulation1Paper presented at WPB '96, Bangkok, May 1996.1

Blau, Axel; Ziegler, Christiane; Heyer, Martina; Endres, Frank; Schwitzgebel, G.; Matthies, T.; Stieglitz, Thomas; Meyer, J.-U.; Göpel, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/s0956-5663(97)00017-1

Cited by 71 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The RNS ® leads are connected to a separately implanted neurostimulator, although future systems may incorporate computing technology closer to the neural interface [3]. The RNS ® leads enable detection and stimulation through the same electrodes during an epileptic event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Surface Electrode Impedance Recordings Associated with Gliosis for a Closed-Loop Neurostimulation Device

Sillay

Ondoma

Wingeier³

et al. 2018

Ann Neurosci

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Background: Closed-loop neurostimulation is a novel alternative therapy for medically intractable focal epilepsy for patients who are not candidates for surgical resection of a seizure focus. Electrodes for this system can be implanted either within the brain parenchyma or in the subdural space. The electrodes then serve the dual role of detecting seizures and delivering an electrical signal aimed at aborting seizure activity. The Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS®) system (Neuropace, Mountain View, CA, USA) is an FDA-approved implantable device designed for this purpose. Objective: One of the challenges of the brain machine interface devices is the potential for implanted neurostimulator devices to induce progressive gliosis, apart from that associated with the minimal trauma at implantation. Gliosis has the potential to alter impedances over time, thereby affecting the clinical efficacy of these devices, and also poses a challenge to the prospects of in vivo repositioning of depth electrodes. We present a clinical case with 3-year follow-up and pathology. Methods: Single-case, retrospective review within a randomized trial with specific minimum follow-up and impedance measurements. Results: Impedance changes in the surface electrode over time were observed. Surgical pathological findings revealed significant gliosis in the leptomeninges of the cortices. Conclusion: We report, for the first time, long-term impedance recordings from a surface electrode associated with pathologic findings of gliosis at the Neuropace device-tissue interface in a patient who was enrolled in the multicenter RNS System Pivotal Clinical Investigation. Further study is required to elucidate the temporal relationship of pathological findings over time. Impedance changes were more complex than can be explained by a progressive or transient pathological mechanism. Further effort is required to elucidate the relationship between impedance change and seizure event capture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Surface Electrode Impedance Recordings Associated with Gliosis for a Closed-Loop Neurostimulation Device

Sillay

Ondoma

Wingeier³

et al. 2018

Ann Neurosci

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“…TiN is the microelectrode surface material favored by one of the leading commercial MEA manufacturers (Multi Channel Systems (MCS), Reutlingen, Germany) [27][28][29]. Iridium oxide (IrOx) is widely studied, even though not yet commercialized, microelectrode coating that has excellent charge transfer capacity and high long term stability, but suffers from need for electrochemical (re)activation [25,26,30]. There is no common opinion whether TiN or IrOx has better characteristics [26,28,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Titanium, on the other hand, is a common, easy to process, and highly biocompatible electrode material. Titanium has not, however, been employed as sole MEA microelectrode material, but always either only as thin adhesion layer for some other metal [2,3,24,30] or coated with titanium nitride (TiN) [27]. The rationale against using titanium microelectrodes without additional coating may be the existence of a few nanometers thick dielectric native oxide (TiO 2 ) layer which always forms on a titanium surface in air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All Titanium Microelectrode Array for Field Potential Measurements from Neurons and Cardiomyocytes—A Feasibility Study

et al. 2011

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Abstract:In this paper, we describe our all-titanium microelectrode array (tMEA) fabrication process and show that uncoated titanium microelectrodes are fully applicable to measuring field potentials (FPs) from neurons and cardiomyocytes. Many novel research questions require custom designed microelectrode configurations different from the few commercially available ones. As several different configurations may be needed especially in a prototyping phase, considerable time and cost savings in MEA fabrication can be achieved by omitting the additional low impedance microelectrode coating, usually made of titanium nitride (TiN) or platinum black, and have a simplified and easily processable OPEN ACCESSMicromachines 2011, 2 395 MEA structure instead. Noise, impedance, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization were performed to our uncoated titanium microelectrodes and commercial TiN coated microelectrodes and were supplemented by FP measurements from neurons and cardiomyocytes on both platforms. Despite the increased noise levels compared to commercial MEAs our tMEAs produced good FP measurements from neurons and cardiomyocytes. Thus, tMEAs offer a cost effective platform to develop custom designed electrode configurations and more complex monitoring environments.

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“…Furthermore, microelectrode arrays (MEAs), initiated by Pine [7] and Gross et al [8], have become now a reliable interfacing technique capable of establishing a bidirectional communication between a population of connected neurons and the external world [9]. Current state of the art MEAs grant low impedance electrodes (lower than 1 M at 1 kHz), a good cellular sealing [10][11][12][13] and a high charge injection capacity for an efficient stimulation [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microelectrode array (MEA) integrated with clustering structures for investigating in vitro neurodynamics in confined interconnected sub-populations of neurons

Berdondini

Chiappalone

Wal

et al. 2006

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Understanding how the information is coded in large neuronal networks is one of the major challenges for neuroscience. A possible approach to investigate the information processing capabilities of the neuronal ensembles is given by the use of dissociated neuronal cultures coupled to microelectrode arrays (MEAs).Here, we describe a new strategy, based on MEAs, for studying in vitro neuronal network dynamics in interconnected sub-populations of cortical neurons. The rationale is to sub-divide the neuronal network into communicating clusters while preserving a high degree of functional connectivity within each confined sub-population, i.e. to achieve a compromise between a completely random large neuronal population and a patterned network, such as currently used with conventional MEAs.To this end, we have realized and functionally characterized a Pt microelectrode array with an integrated EPON SU-8 clustering structure, allowing to confine five relatively large yet interconnected spontaneously developing neuronal networks (i.e. thousands of cells). The clustering structure consists of five chambers of 3 mm in diameter interconnected via 800 m long and 300 m wide microchannels and is integrated on the MEA of 60 thin-film Pt electrodes of 30 m diameter. Tests of the Pt microelectrodes' stability under stimulation showed a stable behavior up to 35,000 voltage stimuli and the biocompatibility was assessed with the cultures of dissociated rat's cortical neurons achieving cultures' viability up to 60 days in vitro.Compared to conventional MEAs, the monitoring of spontaneous and evoked activity and the computation of the Post-Stimulus Time Histogram (PSTH) within the clusters clearly demonstrates: (i) the capability to selectively activate (through poly-synaptic pathways) specific network regions and (ii) the confinement of the network dynamics mainly in the highly connected sub-networks.

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Characterization and optimization of microelectrode arrays for in vivo nerve signal recording and stimulation1Paper presented at WPB '96, Bangkok, May 1996.1

Cited by 71 publications

References 12 publications

Long-Term Surface Electrode Impedance Recordings Associated with Gliosis for a Closed-Loop Neurostimulation Device

Long-Term Surface Electrode Impedance Recordings Associated with Gliosis for a Closed-Loop Neurostimulation Device

All Titanium Microelectrode Array for Field Potential Measurements from Neurons and Cardiomyocytes—A Feasibility Study

A microelectrode array (MEA) integrated with clustering structures for investigating in vitro neurodynamics in confined interconnected sub-populations of neurons

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