Characterization and partial purification of different factors with contraction‐potentiating activities from neurohaemal organs of the locust

Schiebe, M.; Orchard, Ian; Watts, R.E.; Lange, Angela B.; Atwood, Harold L.

doi:10.1002/cne.902910211

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Immunostained PLCs were earlier found in a number of studies on hemimetabolous insects using FMRFamide‐antisera (see Orchard et al ., 2001; Nässel, 2002). and several attempts were undertaken to purify FMRFamides from thoracic ganglia/PSOs of locusts or cockroaches by means of these antisera (Robb & Evans, 1990; Schiebe et al ., 1990; Elia & Orchard, 1995). However, only Lange et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique accumulation of neuropeptides in an insect: FMRFamide‐related peptides in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana

Predel

Neupert

Wicher

et al. 2004

Eur J of Neuroscience

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FMRFamides belong to the most extensively studied neuropeptides in invertebrates and exhibit diverse physiological effects on different target organs, such as muscles, intestine and the nervous system. This study on the American cockroach confirms for the first time that extended FMRFamides occur in non-dipteran insects. By means of tandem mass spectrometry, these neuropeptides were structurally elucidated, and sequence information was used for subsequent cloning of the cockroach FMRFamide gene. This precursor gene encodes for 24 putative peptides and shows sufficient similarity with the Drosophila FMRFamide gene. Of the 24 peptides, 23 were detected by mass spectrometric methods; it is the highest number of neuropeptide forms shown to be expressed from a single precursor in any insect. The expression was traced back to single neurons in the thoracic ganglia. The unique accumulation of these FMRFamide-related peptides in thoracic perisympathetic organs provides the definite evidence for a tagma-specific distribution of peptidergic neurohormones in neurohaemal release sites of the insect CNS. Excitatory effects of the cockroach FMRFamides were observed on antenna-heart preparations. In addition, the newly described FMRFamides reduce the spike frequency of dorsal-unpaired median neurons and reduce the intracellular calcium concentration, which may affect the peripheral release of the biogenic amine octopamine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique accumulation of neuropeptides in an insect: FMRFamide‐related peptides in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana

Predel

Neupert

Wicher

et al. 2004

Eur J of Neuroscience

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“…Authentic proctolin, leucomyosuppressin and SchistoFLRFamide were obtained from Peninsula Laboratories, while FLI3 and FLI4 (Trimmer et al 1987), YGGFLRFamide, YGGFMRFamide, FMRFamide, FLRFamide and YGGFLRF were provided through Dr. M. Schiebe (see Schiebe et al 1990). as does muscle taken from more anterior regions of the lateral oviducts, which receive less innervation.…”

Section: Physiology and Bioassay Synthetic Peptides Or Fractions Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the involvement of a SchistoFLRF-amide-like peptide in the neural control of locust oviduct

1991

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The presence of a SchistoFLRFamide-like peptide associated with the oviducts of Locusta migratoria has been shown using sequential reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography separation coupled with radioimmunoassay and bioassay. The peptide is present in areas of the oviduct which receive extensive innervation, with sixfold less peptide in areas that receive little innervation. Material with FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity (determined by radioimmunoassay) is also present in the oviducal nerve and VIIth abdominal ganglion.SchistoFLRFamide is a potent modulator of contraction of this visceral muscle, inhibiting or reducing the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions, relaxing basal tonus, and reducing the amplitude of neurally-evoked, proctolin-induced, glutamate-induced and high potassium-induced contractions. The FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity within the oviducts which co-elutes with SchistoFLRFamide on two separations is also capable of reducing the amplitude of neurally-evoked and proctolin-induced contractions, and of inhibiting spontaneous contractions and relaxing basal tonus.The effects of SchistoFLRFamide upon this visceral muscle are not abolished by the ~-adrenergic receptor antagonist phentolamine and do not appear to be mediated by cyclic AMP. Thus the receptors for Schisto-FLRFamide are distinct from those of octopamine which mediate similar physiological effects but which are blocked by phentolamine and which are coupled to adenylate cyclase.The results indicate that SchistoFLRFamide, or a very similar peptide, which has previously been identified as a modulator of locust heart beat, is also associat-Abbreviations: BPP-Bovine pancreatic polypeptide; BSA -Bovine serum albumin; EJP-Excitatory junctional potential; FaRPs -FMRFamide-related peptides; FLI-FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity; LMS -Leucomyosuppressin; RIA -Radioimmunoassay; RP-HPLC -Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography; TFA -Trifluoroacetic acid * To whom offprint requests should be sent ed with visceral muscle of the reproductive system, and may play a neural role in concert with octopamine, at modulating muscular activity.

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“…Within the central nervous system (CNS), FMRFamide-related peptides are localized in interneurons and also in some efferent neurons. The peptides are believed to be released mainly from neurohaemal organs into the haemolymph (Schiebe et al, 1990;Wall and Taghert, 1991;Elia et al, 1993;Schneider et al, 1993;Miksys et al, 1997). Some of the efferent neurons supply visceral muscles, such as those of the oviduct and the intestine in insects and crustaceans (Myers and Evans, 1985;Evans and Myers, 1986b;Mangerich and Keller, 1988;Walther and Scha ¨fer, 1988;Miao et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

A single allatostatin-immunoreactive neuron innervates skeletal muscles of several segments in the locust

et al. 1999

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In the nervous system of embryos and adult Locusta migratoria, somata, neurites within the ganglia, and axons leaving the thoracic ganglia show allatostatin immunoreactivity. The immunoreactive efferent axons divide to follow different nerve branches and form varicose terminals on skeletal muscles. In the adult locust, one pair of motor neurons is particularly prominent among the allatostatin-immunoreactive neurons. The somata are located symmetrically in a lateral position in the first abdominal neuromere of the fused metathoracic ganglion. Each neuron gives rise to five axon branches projecting into ipsilateral nerves. Three axons project posteriorly and exit through the dorsal nerves of the abdominal neuromeres A1, A2, and A3. One axon extends into the metathoracic neuromere and exits through metathoracic nerve 1 (N1). The fifth axon extends anteriorly through the connective into the mesothoracic ganglion, where it leaves through the mesothoracic N1. The targets of this neuron, among them the mesothoracic and metathoracic muscles M87, M88, M116 and the dorsal longitudinal muscles M81 and M112, are located in five different segments. In addition to supplying skeletal muscles, the neuron forms neurohaemal-like structures in the sheath of nerve branches. The authors call this neuron the common lateral neuron (CLN). The innervation of several muscles by Diploptera allatostatin 7-immunoreactive axon branches with a common cellular origin and the anatomy of one of the corresponding motor neurons in adults, the CLN, suggest that allatostatin acts as a modulator of neuromuscular parameters in insects by multisegmental direct innervation of skeletal muscles.

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Characterization and partial purification of different factors with contraction‐potentiating activities from neurohaemal organs of the locust

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Unique accumulation of neuropeptides in an insect: FMRFamide‐related peptides in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana

Unique accumulation of neuropeptides in an insect: FMRFamide‐related peptides in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana

Evidence for the involvement of a SchistoFLRF-amide-like peptide in the neural control of locust oviduct

A single allatostatin-immunoreactive neuron innervates skeletal muscles of several segments in the locust

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