Characterization and performance analysis of composite bioplastics synthesized using titanium dioxide nanoparticles with corn starch

Abstract

Plastic is an amazing material, and wonderful invention, it has changed the world. Plastic is used everywhere and every day across the globe. But despite its varied uses, its disposal has threatened the environment. Biodegradable plastics can meet these needs and can easily be disposed to the environment. This work focuses on the characterization and performance analysis of starch bioplastics and composite bioplastic to reduce the plastic pollution by its various uses. TGA, DSC, SEM, FTIR, and surface roughness analyses were used to characterize, the mechanical properties, thermal properties and the morphology of the starch bioplastics and composite bioplastic. Starch bioplastics were fabricated using starch vinegar and glycerol. Composite bioplastics ware fabricated using starch, vinegar, glycerol and titanium dioxide. The addition of titanium dioxide improved the tensile strength of the bioplastics from 3.55 to 3.95 MPa and decreased elongation from 88% to 62%. According to Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Test, the melting point (T m ) and Glass Transition Temperature (T g ) significantly affected by the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ). The degree of nano-composite crystallinity was formed by the strong interfacial interaction between the titanium dioxide nanoparticles and the amorphous region of the chain. The decomposition temperature of starch bioplastic was increased by mixing with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The results gained from SEM showed that better compatible morphologies in composite bioplastic compared to starch bioplastic for its fewer voids, holes, and crack. The functional group O–H, C–H, C=O, and C–O indicate the formation of starch bioplastics and composite bioplastics has already occurred which was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The result is also verified with the available results of other researchers. Therefore, composite bioplastic is a modified elevation of a starch bioplastic with a modified upgrade feature. It can be an alternative to existing conventional plastic, especially packaging applications.

Electrospun Nanofibrous Poly (Lactic Acid)/Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite Membranes for Cutaneous Scar Minimization

“…Moreover, the significant increase in decomposition onset temperature and the decrease in both enthalpy and crystallinity of the PLA composite with higher TiO 2 nanoparticles reinforce the hypothesis that there was an efficient inclusion of intermolecular bonding with the PLA matrix due to the anti-plasticizing effect of TiO 2 nanoparticles (El-Sayed et al, 2011;Amin et al, 2019).…”

Reforzamiento de películas biodegradables de almidón de semilla de mango mediante la incorporación de extracto de piel de mango para su uso como envase activo

“…Este análisis se realizó siguiendo la metodología reportada por [19] con ligeras modificaciones. Las películas de bioplástico (2x2 cm 2 ) fueron colocadas en suelo de cultivo a una profundidad de 10 cm.…”

“…Además, la absorción causada por el estiramiento del enlace C=O (amida I, carbonilo) y C=C (tipo de compuesto alcano) se indican mediante los picos 1644 cm -1 y 1571 cm -1 respectivamente. Finalmente se observa un pico muy intenso en los 1023 cm -1 que corresponde al estiramiento del enlace C-O [19].…”

“…[29] en su trabajo con bioplástico fabricado a partir de almidón de maíz reforzado con polímeros de caña silvestre, encontró que al incrementarse los enlaces se incrementa también la resistencia de la matriz polimérica, pero al mismo tiempo se disminuye la biodegradabilidad del material. Esto posiblemente se debe a la formación de nuevos enlaces moleculares que resultan en películas de bioplástico con estructuras más compactas haciendo que los microorganismos requieran más tiempo para descomponerlas [19]. El European Standard EN 13432:2000 para materiales poliméricos biodegradables requiere que el 90% del material se convierta en dióxido de carbono en al menos seis meses bajo condiciones de descomposición por composta con presencia de oxígeno, mientras que para degradación anaeróbica debe convertirse por lo menos el 50% del material en biogás en un periodo de dos meses [30].…”

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Self-Assembled Kaolin-Doped Starch-Based Environment-Friendly Nanocomposite Films

“…Starch with a plasticizing agent turns into an engineering material with improved thermoplastic characteristic [11,12]. Due to its high intractable nature, brittleness, water sensitivity, and poor mechanical strength of starch-based materials, limit its practical applications [12][13][14]. Cellulosic fibers into starch-based biocomposites boosted properties and play as reinforcing materials in a starch matrix [15].…”