Characterization and physicochemical properties of chlorophyll extract from <i>Spirulina sp.</i>

Munawaroh, Heli Siti Halimatul; Fathur, R. M.; Gumilar, Gun Gun; Aisyah, Siti; Yuliani, Galuh; Mudzakir, Ahmad; Wulandari, Asri Peni

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1280/2/022013

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Light is the main environmental parameter that affects the overall growth rate for photoautotrophic microorganisms [ 87 ]. The two main pigments of Spirulina are chlorophyll a, with an absorption peak of 429 and 662 nm [ 88 ], and phycocyanin, with an absorption peak of 620 nm [ 57 ], depending on the relative light emitted from each panel ( Figure 1 ). The light emitted by the RL panel shows a better overlap with chlorophyll a absorption, whereas the YL panel shows a better overlap with the phycocyanin absorption range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Optimizing the Effect of Light Color, Sodium Chloride and Glucose Concentration on Biomass Production and the Quality of Arthrospira platensis Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Nosratimovafagh

Fereidouni

Krujatz

2022

Life

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Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) biomass is a valuable source of sustainable proteins, and the basis for new food and feed products. State-of-the-art production of Spirulina biomass in open pond systems only allows limited control of essential process parameters, such as light color, salinity control, or mixotrophic growth, due to the high risk of contaminations. Closed photobioreactors offer a highly controllable system to optimize all process parameters affecting Spirulina biomass production (quantity) and biomass composition (quality). However, a comprehensive analysis of the impact of light color, salinity effects, and mixotrophic growth modes of Spirulina biomass production has not been performed yet. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to develop statistical models, and define optimal mixotrophic process conditions yielding maximum quantitative biomass productivity and high-quality biomass composition related to cellular protein and phycocyanin content. The individual and interaction effects of 0, 5, 15, and 30 g/L of sodium chloride (S), and 0, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 g/L of glucose (G) in three costume-made LED panels (L) where the dominant color was white (W), red (R), and yellow (Y) were investigated in a full factorial design. Spirulina was cultivated in 200 mL cell culture flasks in different treatments, and data were collected at the end of the log growth phase. The lack-of-fit test showed that the cubic model was the most suitable to predict the biomass concentration and protein content, and the two-factor interaction (2FI) was preferred to predict the cellular phycocyanin content (p > 0.05). The reduced models were produced by excluding insignificant terms (p > 0.05). The experimental validation of the RSM optimization showed that the highest biomass concentration (1.09, 1.08, and 0.85 g/L), with improved phycocyanin content of 82.27, 59.47, 107 mg/g, and protein content of 46.18, 39.76, 53.16%, was obtained under the process parameter configuration WL4.28S2.5G, RL10.63S1.33G, and YL1.00S0.88G, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Optimizing the Effect of Light Color, Sodium Chloride and Glucose Concentration on Biomass Production and the Quality of Arthrospira platensis Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Nosratimovafagh

Fereidouni

Krujatz

2022

Life

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“…Hence, soaking S. platensis in the water extract of basil leaves might reduce the water‐soluble chlorophyl contents, and therefore, the greenness of the sample was lowered. Several studies showed that S. platensis contains high chlorophyl pigments compared with others microalga with the dense dark green, turbid appearances (Munawaroh et al ., 2019; Rinawati et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colour characteristics, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Spirulina platensis soaked in basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves extract

Wijayanti,

Agustini,

Benjakul

2024

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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SummarySpirulina platensis has been known as a super food with a high nutrition and biological activity. The limited addition of S. platensis into the food is due to its unpleasant odour. S. platensis was soaked in basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves extract (BLE) to decrease the unpleasant odour and its antioxidant activities after soaking were unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ratio S. platensis with BLE on colour and sensory characteristics and to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of extracted S. platensis without and with BLE using different solvents. Spirulina platensis was soaked in BLE at a ratio of S. platensis and BLE of 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5 (w/v) for 15 min and then dried at 40°C for 10 h. The resultant powder was analysed for colour and sensory characteristics. The selected S. platensis with the best sensory characteristic was further extracted in water and ethanol and was compared with the S. platensis control (unsoaked in BLE). The ratio of S. platensis and BLE had a significant effect on the colour characteristics (P < 0.05). Spirulina platensis soaked in BLE at a ratio 1:4 had higher L* (35.98), a* (−6.57) and b* values (5.95) than the control. The ratio of S. platensis and BLE at 1:4 had a higher overall sensory value (4.16) than the control (2.35). The water extract of S. platensis unsoaked and soaked in BLE showed a higher TPC (1.178 and 1.667 mg GAE g−1 extract, respectively), DPPH, ABTS and metal chelating, but lower in FRAP compared with the ethanol extract. Spirulina platensis soaked in BLE which were extracted in water and ethanol had higher ORAC (63.27 and 56.33 mmol Teq g−1 extract, respectively) than the control. Spirulina platensis soaked in BLE increased its sensory value while maintaining the antioxidant capacity. Therefore, it can potentially be added in more quantities to various foods as functional foods.

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“… 2021 ), Spirulina (Arthrospira) fusiformis (Munawaroh et al. 2019 ), Spirulina maxima (Nisticò et al. 2022 ), and in strains of Euryhalinema , Desertifilum (Khazi et al.…”

Section: Microbial Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The colors of these chemical compounds include blue-green (allophycocyanin), blue (phycocyanin), red (phycoerythrin), and orange (phycoerythrocyanin) (Begum et al 2016). Phycocyanin has been identified in Oscillatoria quadripunctulata (Zuorro et al 2021), Spirulina (Arthrospira) fusiformis (Munawaroh et al 2019), Spirulina maxima (Nisticò et al 2022) (Kannaujiya and Sinha 2016). Whereas, phycocyanin and allophycocyanin were found in higher proportions in Synechocystis sp.…”

Section: Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

An extensive review of marine pigments: sources, biotechnological applications, and sustainability

Muñoz-Miranda

Iñiguez‐Moreno

2023

Aquat Sci

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The global demand for food and healthcare products based on natural compounds means that the industrial and scientific sectors are on a continuous search for natural colored compounds that can contribute to the replacement of synthetic colors. Natural pigments are a heterogeneous group of chemical molecules, widely distributed in nature. Recently, the interest in marine organisms has increased as they represent the most varied environment in the world and provide a wide range of colored compounds with bioactive properties and biotechnological applications in areas such as the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile industries. The use of marine-derived pigments has increased during the last two decades because they are environmentally safe and healthy compounds. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of sources, applications, and sustainability of the most important marine pigments. In addition, alternatives to protect these compounds from environmental conditions and their applications in the industrial sector are reviewed.

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Characterization and physicochemical properties of chlorophyll extract from Spirulina sp.

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Modeling and Optimizing the Effect of Light Color, Sodium Chloride and Glucose Concentration on Biomass Production and the Quality of Arthrospira platensis Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Modeling and Optimizing the Effect of Light Color, Sodium Chloride and Glucose Concentration on Biomass Production and the Quality of Arthrospira platensis Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Colour characteristics, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Spirulina platensis soaked in basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves extract

An extensive review of marine pigments: sources, biotechnological applications, and sustainability

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