Characterization and Properties of a Novel Energetic–Energetic Cocrystal Explosive Composed of HNIW and BTF

Yang, Zongwei; Li, Hongzhen; Zhou, Xin; Zhang, Chaoyang; Huang, Hui; Li, Jinshan; Nie, Fude

doi:10.1021/cg300955q

Cited by 239 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

145

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Rezultati analize strukture i N-NO2 veza pokazuju da promjena osjetljivosti HMX/MDNI kokristala nije prouzrokovana isključivo formiranjem vodikovih veza već i povećanjem energije N-NO2 veza. Teorijske vrijednosti detonacionih parametara pokazuju da kokristalni eksploziv HMX/MDNI posjeduje visoki nivo energije i nisku osjetljivost [68]. Simulacija kokristalnog eksploziva 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazacyclooctane (HMX)/1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) je izvedena za različite molarne odnose konstituenata.…”

Section: Kokristalni Eksplozivi Hmxunclassified

Co-crystal explosives-explosives improved characteristics

Mićin¹

2017

J. eng. process. manag.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ključne riječi:eksplozivi, kokristalni eksplozivi. IzvodEksplozivne materije predstavljaju značajnu grupu jedinjenja posmatrano sa stanovišta proizvodnje, skladištenja, transporta i upotrebe. Istraživanje i razvoj sekundarnih eksploziva u prethodnom vremenskom periodu je intenzivirano sa ciljem dobijanja eksplozivnih jedinjena poboljšanih fizičkih, hemijskih i eksplozivnih karakteristika. Jedan od pravaca razvoja predstavljaju istraživanja u oblasti kokristala. U ovom radu su prikazani literaturni rezultati dosadašnjih istraživanja kokristala savremenih konvencionalnih eksploziva. Predstavljene su kokristalna jedinjenja CL-20, oktogena (HMX), TKX-50, trotila (TNT) i pojedinih eksplozivnih jedinjenja koji se upotrebljavaju u manjem obimu. Analiza rezultata ispitivanja kristalnih struktura, intermolekularnih interakcija, mehaničke osjetljivosti, termičke dekompozicije, reakcionih mehanizama stvranja produkata i eksplozivnih karakteristika ukazuju na poboljšana svojstva kokristalnih eksploziva u odnosu na komponente koje ga sačinjavaju. 1.UVODMaterijali koji posjeduju visok nivo hemijske energije unutar molekulskih struktura, koja se procesima gorenja ili eksplozije oslobađa u vidu velike količine gasova sa veoma visokim temperaturama i pritiscima predstavljaju klasu jedinjenja pod nazivom energetski materijali (eksplozivi, goriva,pirotehničke materije) [1,2]. Pojam eksploziv označava hemijsko jedinjenje ili homogenu smjesu hemijskih jedinjenja koje za veoma kratko vrijeme može da razvije veliku količinu gasova visokih temperatura [3], odnosno hemijski spojevi ili smjese koje detoniraju usled djelovanja vanjskog impulsa [4]. Eksplozivne materije mogu se okarakterisati i kao jedinjenja ili smjese koje su relativno stabilni i sposobni da pod dejstvom spoljnih uticaja vrlo brzo pređu u stabilnije stanje, pri čemu se oslobađa velika količina toplote i gasova sabijenih pod visokim pritiskom, a koji su u stanju da u procesu eksplozije, u vrlo kratkom vremenu ostvare razorne efekte nad okolinom [5]. U skladu sa zahtijevima, istraživanje i razvoj savremenih energetskih materijala, ima za cilj dobijanje materija željenih karakteristika u zavisnosti od njihove primjene. Veomo široko područje upotrebe sekundarnih eksploziva u privredne, vojne i industrijske svrhe svrstava ih u jedinjenja od naročitog značaja. Imajući u vidu proces proizvodnje, skladištenja, transporta, manipulacije i primjene, značajne karakteristike sekundarnih eksploziva podrazumjevaju termičku, hemijsku i mehaničku stabilnost, gustinu, bilans kiseonika, specifičnu toplotu i temperaturu eksplozije (sagorjevanja), specifičnu gasnu zapreminu, specifični pritisak, specifični i totalni impuls, brzinu sagorjevanja i detonacije [3]. Istraživanja u pravcu razvoja sekundarnih eksploziva poboljšanih karakteristika su vršena sa ciljem smanjenja osjetljivosti i istovremeno zadržavanjem ili povećanjem eksplozivnih karakteristika u odnosu na konvencionalne eksplozive kao i sa aspekta zaštite životne sredine [6,7,8,9,10]. U savremene konvencionalne sekundarne eksplozive,...

show abstract

Section: Kokristalni Eksplozivi Hmxunclassified

Co-crystal explosives-explosives improved characteristics

Mićin¹

2017

J. eng. process. manag.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Co-crystal explosives, with good comprehensive properties, based on CL-20 [2][3][4], HMX [5][6][7], TNT [8], BTF [9,10] and NTO [11] have been synthesized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Ultrafine HMX/TATB Explosive Co-crystals

An¹,

Li²,

Ye³

et al. 2017

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An explosive co-crystal of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) was prepared by the ball milling method. The raw materials and co-crystals were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectroscopy. Impact and friction sensitivity of the co-crystals were tested and analyzed. The results showed that the HMX/TATB co-crystals are spherical in shape and 100-300 nm in size. The co-crystals are different from anintimate mixture of HMX/TATB and they exhibit a new co-crystal structure. HMX/TATB co-crystals are formed by N-O···H hydrogen bonding between −NO2 (HMX) and −NH2 (TATB). The drop height of ultrafine HMX/TATB explosive co-crystals is 12.7 cm higher than that of ultrafine HMX, whilst the explosion probability of friction is 20% lower than that of ultrafine HMX. Ultrafine HMX/TATB explosive co-crystals are difficult to initiate under impact and friction conditions.

show abstract

“…For the current single compound explosives, high performance and safety are somewhat mutually exclusive, which seriously limits their development and applications [2]. Fortunately, the recent formation of energetic co-crystals [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] offers opportunities to modify the properties of energetic materials, such as oxygen balance, sensitivity, detonation velocity, and safety. A co-crystal [16,17] is a multiple component crystal that is constructed from two or more neutral molecular components, which co-exist at an intrinsic stoichiometric ratio by non-covalent interactions (such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals, and π-π stacking interactions, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the ε-CL-20 crystal has also failed to meet the high demands of safety for modern ordnance due to its high sensitivity. Recently, researchers have attempted to reduce the sensitivity of ε-CL-20 crystals via the strategy of co-crystallization [5,[10][11][12][13][14][15], which reduces the sensitivity of ε-CL-20 crystals without a significant decrease in its energy performance. DNB (1, 3-dinitrobenzene, Figure 1b) is even more insensitive than TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), and is a well-known insensitive explosive [14,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies of the CL-20/DNB Co-crystal

Sun¹,

Xiao²,

Ji³

et al. 2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was conducted for a DNB (1,3-dinitrobenzene) crystal, a ε- 4,6,8,10,4,6,8,10, crystal, a CL-20/DNB co-crystal and a CL-20/DNB composite. From the calculated maximum bond length (Lmax) of the N−NO2 trigger bond, the cohesive energy density (CED) and the binding energy (Ebind), it was found that the CL-20/DNB co-crystal is more insensitive than its composite. Its thermal stability is also better than that of its composite. The pair correlation function (PCF) analysis method was applied to investigate the interfaces between different molecular layers in the CL-20/DNB co-crystal, and in the composite. Additionally, the calculated mechanical data showed that the moduli of the CL-20/DNB co-crystal and its composite are smaller and their elastic elongation and ductility are better than those of the ε-CL-20 and DNB crystals.

show abstract

Characterization and Properties of a Novel Energetic–Energetic Cocrystal Explosive Composed of HNIW and BTF

Cited by 239 publications

References 12 publications

Co-crystal explosives-explosives improved characteristics

Co-crystal explosives-explosives improved characteristics

Preparation and Characterization of Ultrafine HMX/TATB Explosive Co-crystals

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies of the CL-20/DNB Co-crystal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About