Characterization and sensory preference of fermented dairy beverages prepared with different concentrations of whey and araticum pulp

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop a fermented dairy beverage flavored with araticum pulp, assess its physicochemical characteristics, microbiological quality, and sensory preference by the consumer. Araticum pulp was prepared using two different methods: with or without bleaching (50 ºC/5 minutes). Formulations of fermented dairy beverages consisting of whey (50%), standardized pasteurized milk (50%), and seven different concentrations of bleached araticum pulp (5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, and 20.0% w/v) were prepared. In addition, seven formulations of fermented dairy beverage, without adding araticum pulp, and consisting of varying proportions of whey (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100%) were developed. In all formulations, thickeners/stabilizers were added. All araticum pulp samples (with and without bleach) and fermented dairy beverages (with and without araticum pulp) were analyzed for the relevant physicochemical properties: pH, titratable acidity, acidity of pulp, acidity of fermented beverage, moisture, ash, fat, protein, crude fiber, ascorbic acid, carbohydrates, total solids, and caloric values. Microbiological counts of coliforms at 35 °C and 45 °C in the pulp and beverage, and molds and yeasts and Salmonella sp. in the pulp were obtained. Additionally, sensory analysis regarding preferences of the different fermented dairy beverage formulations was also performed. The araticum pulp samples without bleach, showed higher values of pH, moisture, protein, total fiber, and ascorbic acid, as compared to bleached pulp samples, while bleached araticum pulp showed higher values for other physicochemical parameters. Microbiological results showed that all pulps and fruitdairy beverages were suitable for consumption. It was found that there was no significant consumer preference between different fermented beverage formulations, according to the different percentages of pulp. However, the formulations consisting of 40, 50, 60, and 70% whey were preferred over the one consisting of 100% whey. Key words: Agroindustrial waste. Annona crassiflora. Consumers. Native fruits. Quality. ResumoObjetivou-se com o presente estudo desenvolver uma bebida láctea fermentada saborizada com polpa de araticum, avaliar suas características físico-químicas, qualidade microbiológica e preferência sensorial pelo consumidor. Foram realizados dois modos de preparo da polpa de araticum, sem e com branqueamento (50 ºC/5 minutos), para avaliação da qualidade e escolha de uso das mesmas. Foram elaboradas formulações de bebidas lácteas fermentadas constituídas de soro de leite (50%), leite pasteurizado padronizado (50%) adicionadas de sete concentrações de polpa de araticum branqueada (% m/v): 5,0%; 7,5%; 10,0%; 12,5%; 15,0%; 17,5% e 20,0%. Foram desenvolvidas, também, sete formulações de bebida láctea fermentada, sem adição de polpa, constituídas de soro de leite nas proporções de 40%; 50%; 60%; 70%; 80%; 90% e 100%, e leite pasteurizado padronizado necessário para completar 100% da mistura (soro:leite). Em todas a...

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