Characterization and Wash Performance Analysis of Microbial Extracellular Enzymes from East Calcutta Wetland in India

Malathu, Ramesh; Chowdhury, Sanhita; Mishra, Madhusmita; Das, Sumana; Moharana, Prabhat; Mitra, Joydeep; Mukhopadhyay, Ujjal Kumar; Thakur, Ashoke Ranjan; Chaudhuri, Shaon Ray

doi:10.3844/ajassp.2008.1650.1661

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Using Azocasein as a substrate, effect of temperature and pH on the activity of extracellular protease of the isolate was determined by the method mentioned by (Malathu et al, 2008). One unit of activity was defined as the amount of enzyme required to produce an increase of 0.1 absorbance (OD at 440 nm).…”

Section: Determination Of Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Degumming of Raw Silk Fabric With Help of Marine Extracellular Protease

Das

Sudarshan²,

Thakur

et al. 2013

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

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Protease secreting microbe was isolated and characterized on the basis of their morphological, biochemical, physiological and 16S rDNA based molecular properties. The extracellular protease was quantified and characterized. Protease was used for different time (4, 8, 12 and 24 h) at different temperature (RT and 37°C) for optimization of the degumming process for raw silk fabric with enzyme dosage (0.2-1 unit/cm 2 of fabric). Post-enzymatic treatment, the fabric quality and texture was compared with conventionally treated as well as untreated fabric in terms of degumming loss, tensile strength and yarn count and colour fastness to light/water. The isolate SM1 (Bacillus thuringensis) was able to grow in Carbon Minimal Salt Medium (CMSM) with jaggery or tamarind as the carbon source (0.3% w/v). Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescense (EDXRF) data showed intracellular accumulation of heavy metal by the isolate. Extracellular protease was able to degum silk fabric within 4 h at RT with enzyme concentration of 0.8unit/cm 2 and the maximum degumming loss was 21.72%. Post enzymatic degumming, a shiny texture was observed under Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) and the yarn volume also increased. Utilization of CMSM made the process cost effective during large scale application. Intracellular metal accumulation and growth in a wide range of temperature and pH made the isolate a potential candidate for bioremediation. Extracellular protease with significant degumming property could be used as an eco friendly approach as compared to the conventional chemical treatment.

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Section: Determination Of Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Degumming of Raw Silk Fabric With Help of Marine Extracellular Protease

Das

Sudarshan²,

Thakur

et al. 2013

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

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“…Wash performance analysis was performed using extracellular protease from individual isolates as per the protocol of Malathu et al (2008). Among the six isolates, extracellular protease from isolate SM2 showed better cleaning efficiency (data not shown).…”

Section: Wash Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To get the continuous supply of enzymes, SV1 was immobilized on two type of inert matrices; corrugated sheet as well as hay. Protease was estimated by azocasein method as reported by Malathu et al (2008) and amylase production was calculated by DNS method as reported by Anto et al (2006). Enzyme production at regular intervals of 1 h was compared for immobilized matrix (hay as well as sheet) and shake flask culture (incubated at 37°C with continuous shaking at 150 rpm).…”

Section: Continuous Production Of Enzyme By Immobilization On Inert Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In various industrial sectors, extracellular proteases have multiple applications such as detergent additives (George-Okafor and Odibo, 2011;Kumar et al, 2008;Malathu et al, 2008); in cheese making, baking, preparation of soya hydrolysates and meat tenderization (Rao et al, 1998); extraction of metallic silver from used X-ray films (Gupta et al, 2002), cleaning of contact lenses (Power et al, 2009), degumming of coccon fiber (Arami et al, 2007); in leather industry for soaking, dehairing and bating to avoid pollution caused due to conventional methods (Tork et al, 2010;Hameed et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Isolates of Marine Coast as Commercial Producer of Protease

Das¹

2012

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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The objective of this work was to explore and exploit the extracellular protease secreting marine microbial biodiversity of the eastern coastal region of India. Culture dependent method was applied for isolation of microbes from the marine coast of West Bengal (Digha and Mandarmani) and Andhra Pradesh (Vizag) in India. Six protease secreting isolates were screened using casein hydrolysing property as well as azocasein assay and characterized on the basis of their morphological, biochemical, physiological and 16S rDNA based molecular properties. The enzymes were used for various commercial applications at a laboratory scale. Besides milk media and Luria Bertini broth, all the isolates grew in carbon minimal salt medium with jaggeri or tamarind as the carbon source (0.3% w/v). They showed intracellular metal accumulation when grown in presence of metal salts in the medium as evident from Energy Dispersive Xray Fluorescense Analysis (EDXRF) data. Maximum accumulation of lead was found in case of Bacillus cereus SM2. It showed equal efficiency of metal removal from solid strip at zero valent state. The isolates were also capable of complete removal of silver from exposed X-ray film after 48 hrs of incubation except for Escherichia coli SD1. Bacillus cereus SM2, isolate SD2 (closest to Bacillus pumilus) and isolate SV1 (closest to Bacillus cibi) were able to enhance the cleaning efficiency of detergent when used as additive. Use of tamarind and jaggeri as carbon source in minimal medium would make the process cost effective during large scale application. The ability to grow in a wide range of temperature and pH and accumulation of heavy metals revealed that these isolates would be potential candidates for bioremediation. Thus the marine diversity for protease production is extremely rich with immense commercial applications.

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“…Finally, its positional advantage and a wide variety of large habitat conditions with various resources have made it a natural incubator for the growth of huge variety of microbes. A little of its microbial diversity has been explored till now Ghosh et al, 2007;Adarsh et al, 2007;Roy et al, 2008;Malathu et al, 2008, Nasipuri et al, 2010, Riley, 2011Yadav et al, 2010, Mukherjee, 2005Thatoi, 2011; http://indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/34248; http://indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/14389).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

East Kolkata Wetland: A Multifunctional Niche of International Importance

S.¹

2012

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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Problem statement:In the megacity Kolkata, the need for space to accomodate the ever increasing population is increasing day by day. As a result the encoarchment of the large wetland on the eastern frindge of the city is increasing and so is the threat of its loosing the status of Ramsar Status. Approach: Proper documentation of the existing traditional practice with sound scientific basis and the direct as well as indirect benefit that the city receives as a result of its existance could be an approach towards its conservation. Results: East Kolkata Wetland (EKW) is a unique example of a wetland ecosystem involved in both resource recovery and environmental protection and in the process providing a stable urban fringe to an expanding metropolis. It ensures economic benefit and employment generation because of resource recovery activities based on utilization of the city's sewage. It acts as a sink for city sewage and garbage, even at times a little flow of industrial effluents with toxic heavy metals as well as hazardous contaminants like sulphate and nitrate to name a few. The purification process operating there depends to a large extent on the activity of the diverse microbial population using liberal sunshine. On trying to understand the microbial flora, a rich diversity of the bacterial domain was revealed with immense potential for commercial application. The extracellular enzymes from microbial origin of EKW were used for detergent formulation, dehairing of hide at neutral pH, silver recovery from exposed X-ray films and so on. The microbes themselves could entrap metals inside them as nanoparticles, remove sulphate from solution and prevent nitrate mediated eutrophication. The soluble waste from the megacity goes through various rounds of purification in the waste water fisheries, called Bheri in local parlance before being used for agriculture. This in turn results in fish production and purification of the waste water up to 99% in terms of faecal coliform count and to a large extent for other parameters. The metal content in the muscles of the surface feeder and bottom feeder fishes were comparable to that of the same variety from rain water fed ponds, indicating safe use of the waste water. The agriculture using waste water mostly produces paddy and vegetables. The green leafy vegetables produced from EKW when compared with same variety from non-EKW were found to be healthy without any additional unwanted metal accumulation. The entire resource recovery process was relatively safe, ecofriendly as well as economical. Conclusion/Recommendations: Thus EKW purifies the waste of a large part of the city, generates edible resources, provides employment, houses diverse flora and fauna and also harbours a rich repertoire of microbes with immense potential for application. The objective of the present review is to emphasize the need of its conservation and also intensify the research on the microbial diversity in these wetlands.

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Characterization and Wash Performance Analysis of Microbial Extracellular Enzymes from East Calcutta Wetland in India

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Degumming of Raw Silk Fabric With Help of Marine Extracellular Protease

Degumming of Raw Silk Fabric With Help of Marine Extracellular Protease

Bacterial Isolates of Marine Coast as Commercial Producer of Protease

East Kolkata Wetland: A Multifunctional Niche of International Importance

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