Characterization by electrical and electromagnetic geophysical methods of the shallow hydrogeological system at Hebron (West Bank, Palestine) in a semi-arid zone

Abstract

Multi-electrode geo-electrical and transient electromagnetic surveys were carried out to characterize the nature of the subsurface infiltration zones (5 to 20 m) related to a series of groundwater outlets, and to reveal the geometry of the different aquifers at Bani-Naim, in the south-eastern foothills of the Hebron area, West Bank, Palestine. The purpose of the surveys was to understand the link between water storage/transfer and the characteristics of the geological formations. The strata in this semi-arid region are composed of alternate layers of chalky limestone, hard limestone, marl and chalk. A total of 30 ERT and 15 TDEM were conducted at Bani Naim-Jahir and Bani Naim-Birein. A correlation between the results indicates various infiltration pathways: fractures, feature heterogeneities, and porous chalk. The local heterogeneity on the eastern side were the major pathways for the water infiltration, whereas the thick marl layer underneath acts as a natural impermeable barrier preventing water from infiltrating deeper. A combination of the different geophysical results identified conductive features that correspond to the infiltration zones supplying the dug wells with water. Furthermore, it was established that the fractured chalk and porous chalky limestone act as an aquifer. A three-dimensional visualization of the resistivity allowed a useful reconstruction of the shallow hydrogeological system. Consequently, these studies contribute to regional sustainable development projects in this semi-arid region. ß 2012 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Acade ´mie des sciences. R E ´S U M E Des campagnes ge ´ophysiques e ´lectriques multi-e ´lectrodes et e ´lectromagne ´tiques en transitoire ont e ´te ´effectue ´es aux piedmonts sud-est du plateau d'He ´bron (Cisjordanie, Palestine), pour caracte ´riser la nature des zones d'infiltration superficielles (5 a `20 m)

Effectiveness of geophysical surveys for water wells relocation in overexploited aquifers (the example of Maggiore and Traversola Valleys, Northwestern Italy)

“…Soupios et al 2010;Batte et al 2008;Cimino et al 2007;Kafri and Goldman 2005;Young et al 2004) and different recent literature works are available to document the effectiveness of these methods with this aim (e.g. Parsekian et al, 2017;Nicaise et al, 2012;Sirhan et al 2012;Ezersky et al, 2011). Particularly many regional case histories are available to demonstrate the utility of Time Domain Electromagnetic Methods (TDEM) for groundwater exploration.…”

An integrative geological and geophysical approach to characterize a superficial deltaic aquifer in the Camargue plain, France

“…The basis of the Slingram technique is described in several publications (McNeill, 1980;Monteiro Santos, 2004;Parasnis, 1986;Triantafilis et al, 2003a, b;Ward and Hohmann, 1988). Despite of the qualitative nature of the provided information this technique is widely used for hydrogeological and environmental investigations (Evans et al, 2000;Nobes, 1996;Sirhan and Hamidi, 2012). Two EM campaigns have been carried out in the central part of the study area (Fig.…”

“…Several works have used combination of geophysical techniques to characterized structure of different types of deposits (Falgàs et al, 2011;Pham et al, 2002;Sandberg et al, 2002;Skinner and Heinson, 2004). In particular, combination of Electromagnetic (EM) mapping and Electrical survey (Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Electrical Sounding (ES)) was used to this purpose (Al-Fares, 2011;Sirhan and Hamidi, 2012). However, only ERT is the most commonly used geophysical technique to characterize deltaic sequences or mainly salinity variations (Maillet et al, 2005;Martínez et al, 2009;Zarroca et al, 2011).…”